Akbar, Ahmad D. (2026) Studi Perubahan Daya Dukung Fondasi Dangkal Tanah Lempung Berkonsistensi Very Soft to Soft Terhadap Konfigurasi Micro-Pile Akibat Eksentrisitas Beban. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Tanah lempung berkonsistensi very soft hingga soft menimbulkan tantangan kompleks dalam perencanaan fondasi dangkal akibat keruntuhan geser mendadak pada kondisi undrained utamanya beban eksentris. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut, metode perkuatan mikropile menjadi pilihan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut karena praktis. Akan tetapi, beban eksentris menimbulkan bentuk deformasi yang tidak simetris dan menyebabkan pemasangan mikropile dapat tidak tepat berada di bidang keruntuhan tanah lunak, sehingga peningkatan daya dukung tidak signifikan. Selain itu, pertimbangan eksentrisitas beban belum banyak dibahas dalam studi lain. Melihat kondisi tersebut, studi peningkatan daya dukung dengan mikropile mempertimbangkan eksentrisitas dilakukan dalam tesis ini. Selain itu, dua konfigurasi mikropile diusulkan dalam tesis ini, meliputi pola segitiga dan segi empat. Hasil studi ini diperoleh dengan analisis dan pemodelan numerik pada tanah dengan nilai kohesi undrained 2,475 KPa dan 14,85 KPa, serta statistika regresi. Terdapat dua model numerik yang digunakan meliputi plane strain dan axisymmetric. Berdasarkan hasil analisis numerik, penurunan daya dukung fondasi linear sebesar reduksi daya dukung akibat eksentrisitas beban (Rk) yang memenuhi persamaan 0,996 - 1,4363 (e/B). Setelah konfigurasi mikropile diterapkan pada tanah lempung lunak peningkatan rata - rata daya dukung fondasi paling besar terjadi pada konfigurasi segitiga sebesar 66,68% dibandingkan dengan konfigurasi segi empat yang meningkat 51,47%. Rumusan peningkatan daya dukung tanah akibat mikropile terkonfigurasi dihasilkan dari rumusan rasio Rq yang melibatkan tahanan ujung mikropile (Qp), tahanan gesek mikropile (Qs,eq), dan kekakuan komposit mikropile (Pmaks) terhadap susunan barisan konfigurasi mikropile.
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Very soft to soft clay soils pose challenges in shallow foundation design due to sudden shear failure under undrained conditions, especially under eccentric loads. Based on these conditions, the micropile reinforcement method is an option to overcome this problem due to its practicality. However, eccentric loads cause asymmetric pixel shapes and cause the micropile installation to be not precisely on the soft soil failure plane, so that the increase in the bearing capacity is not significant. In addition, load eccentricity has not been widely discussed in other studies. Considering these conditions, a study of increasing bearing capacity with micropiles considering eccentricity is conducted in this thesis. This thesis proposes two micropile configurations: triangular and rectangular. The results of this study were obtained through analysis and numerical modeling on soil with undrained cohesion values of 2.475 and 14.85 kPa, as well as statistical regression. There are two numerical models: plane strain and axisymmetric. Based on the numerical analysis results, the reduction in the bearing capacity of linear foundations is equal to the reduction in bearing capacity due to load eccentricity (Rk), which satisfies the equation 0.996 1.4363 (e/B). After applying the micropile configuration on soft clay soil, the average increase in the foundation bearing capacity is greatest in the triangular configuration (66.68%) compared with that in the rectangular configuration (51.47%). The formula for increasing the soil-bearing capacity due to the configured micropile is produced from the Rq ratio formula, which involves the micropile tip resistance (Qp), micropile friction resistance (Qs,eq), and micropile composite stiffness (Pmaks) to the micropile configuration arrangement.
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