Perhitungan Electric Vehicle Hosting Capacity Berbasis Optimal Power Flow (OPF)

Hakim, Muhammad Dani Faiqul (2026) Perhitungan Electric Vehicle Hosting Capacity Berbasis Optimal Power Flow (OPF). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan penetrasi Electric Vehicle (EV) berpotensi menimbulkan ketidakstabilan sistem dan penurunan tegangan, terutama saat terjadi pengisian daya secara simultan. Oleh karena itu, evaluasi Electric Vehicle Hosting Capacity (EVHC) menjadi penting untuk menjaga keandalan dan stabilitas jaringan distribusi. Studi ini menyelidiki EVHC pada berbagai kondisi dengan mengintegrasikan Electric Vehicle Charging Station (EVCS) dan sistem fotovoltaik (PV) menggunakan metode AC Optimal Power Flow (AC-OPF) pada jaringan distribusi IEEE 33-bus dan sistem distribusi Surabaya sebagai bentuk implementasi penerapan pada sistem real. Pembatasan kapasitas trafo, tegangan, dan termal dipertimbangkan untuk memastikan operasi sistem yang aman. Bus dengan tegangan tertinggi digunakan sebagai referensi penempatan EVCS yang menerapkan DC Fast Charging Level-3. Simulasi dilakukan setiap jam selama 24 jam, dengan dua skenario utama: tanpa PV dan dengan PV. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi optimal dicapai menggunakan 20 unit EVCS untuk sistem IEEE 33-bus dan 20 unit EVCS untuk sistem Surabya, yang mampu menampung hingga 1958 dan 3922 EV dalam satu hari dengan penempatan EVCS yang berdekatan dengan bus transformator GI untuk memaksimalkan EVHC. Penempatan PV paling optimal terjadi ketika PV diletakkan jauh dari Gardu Induk (GI) karena PV dapat menanggung beban yang letaknya jauh dan memiliki losses yang besar, dan menghasilkan peningkatan EVHC berturut-turut sebesar 3,47% dan 1,66%. Kondisi cuaca cerah memberikan peningkatan EVHC terbesar dibandingkan kondisi lainnya. Studi ini menegaskan bahwa metode AC-OPF efektif dalam menjaga perhitungan EVHC tetap berada dalam batasan sistem, diperlihatkan juga pengaruh kapasitas transformator dan impedansi terhadap EVHC dan rugi-rugi, serta menyoroti pentingnya jumlah dan lokasi EVCS maupun PV, serta kondisi cuaca, dalam meningkatkan kapasitas penampungan EV pada jaringan distribusi.
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The increasing penetration of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has the potential to cause system instability and voltage drops, especially when simultaneous charging occurs. Therefore, evaluating Electric Vehicle Hosting Capacity (EVHC) is important to maintain the reliability and stability of the distribution network. This study investigates EVHC under various conditions by integrating Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCS) and photovoltaic (PV) systems using the AC Optimal Power Flow (AC-OPF) method on the IEEE 33-bus distribution network and the Surabaya distribution system as a form of implementation in a real system. Transformer capacity, voltage, and thermal limitations are considered to ensure safe system operation. The bus with the highest voltage is used as a reference for EVCS placement implementing DC Fast Charging Level-3. Simulations are conducted every hour for 24 hours, with two main scenarios: without PV and with PV. The results show that the optimal configuration is achieved using 20 EVCS units for the IEEE 33-bus system and 20 EVCS units for the Surabaya system, which can accommodate up to 1958 and 3922 EVs, respectively, with EVCS placement adjacent to the substation transformer bus to maximize EVHC. The most optimal PV placement occurs when PV is far from the substation because PV can accommodate the loads that far and have high losses, resulting in an increase in EVHC of 3.47% and 1.66%, respectively. Clear weather conditions provide the largest increase in EVHC compared to other conditions. This study confirms that the AC-OPF method is effective in keeping EVHC calculations within system limits, also shows the effect of transformer capacity and impedance on EVHC and losses, and highlights the importance of the number and location of EVCS and PV, as well as weather conditions, in increasing the EV hosting capacity of the distribution network.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Charging Station, Electric Vehicle, Hosting Capacity, Optimal Power Flow, Photovoltaic
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1087 Photovoltaic power generation T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7872 Electric current converters, Electric inverters. T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL220 Electric vehicles and their batteries, etc. T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL220.5 Battery charging stations (Electric vehicles)
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Dani Faiqul Hakim
Date Deposited:	21 Jan 2026 05:55
Last Modified:	21 Jan 2026 05:55
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/129946

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