Parhusip, Ruth Utami Febriyana (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Konsentrasi Montmorillonit(MMT) dan Chitosan(CS) pada Chemical Crosslinking Slurry Bacterial Cellulose(BC) terhadap Sifat Mekanik dan Biologis Wound Dressing Hydrogel BC/CS/MMT. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Luka kronis masih menjadi tantangan klinis karena proses penyembuhannya kerap terhambat oleh infeksi, akumulasi eksudat, dan kerusakan jaringan. Hal ini mendorong kebutuhan akan balutan modern dengan sifat mekanik dan biologis yang lebih optimal. Bacterial cellulose (BC) berpotensi sebagai material dikarenakan memiliki sifat biokompatibilitas, kekuatan mekanik, dan kapasitas retensi airnya, sementara chitosan (CS) memberikan kontribusi melalui aktivitas antibakteri dan sifat pro-regeneratif. Montmorillonit (MMT), mineral smektit berlapis dengan luas permukaan serta kapasitas tukar kation tinggi, berpotensi meningkatkan stabilitas struktur hydrogel sekaligus memperkuat respon biologis ketika dipadukan dengan BC dan CS. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi konsentrasi MMT pada hydrogel komposit BC/CS melalui metode chemical crosslinking menggunakan glutaraldehyde 1%. Slurry BC dikombinasikan dengan chitosan 1%, 2%, 3% (w/v) serta MMT (0%, 1%, 3% 5% dan 7% w/v), kemudian diproses menjadi hydrogel komposit. Material yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi untuk menilai sifat mekanik melalui uji kompresi, swelling, dan gel fraction, morfologi seperti SEM dan XRD, gugus fungsi dengan FTIR, serta sifat biologis melalui uji antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli serta uji sitotoksisitas menggunakan MTT assay. Hasil penelitian meliputi variasi konsentrasi montmorillonite (MMT) dan chitosan (CS) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sifat fisik, mekanik, dan biologis hidrogel selulosa bakteri (BC). Peningkatan MMT dan CS meningkatkan kuat tekan hidrogel melalui mekanisme penguatan fisik, pembentukan ikatan hidrogen, dan peningkatan kerapatan jaringan, dengan nilai tertinggi 2,01 MPa pada MMT 7%. Peningkatan konsentrasi MMT dan CS menurunkan Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR) dan swelling ratio akibat berkurangnya gugus hidrofilik bebas dan terbentuknya jalur difusi yang lebih kompleks, namun meningkatkan stabilitas struktur dengan nilai gel fraction mencapai 99,34%. Komposisi optimum menunjukkan karakteristik wound dressing ideal dengan WVTR 2290 g/(m²·hari) dan swelling 562,72% pada pH basa. Secara biologis, hidrogel menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli, serta bersifat non-sitotoksik dengan viabilitas sel >90% berdasarkan standar ISO 10993-5.
Kata kunci: bacterial cellulose, chitosan, montmorillonit, wound dressing
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Chronic wounds remain a clinical challenge because the healing process is often hampered by infection, exudate accumulation, and tissue damage. This has driven the need for modern dressings with more optimal mechanical and biological properties. Bacterial cellulose (BC) has potential as a material due to its biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and water retention capacity, while chitosan (CS) contributes through its antibacterial activity and pro-regenerative properties. Montmorillonite (MMT), a layered smectite mineral with a large surface area and high cation exchange capacity, has the potential to increase the stability of the hydrogel structure while strengthening the biological response when combined with BC and CS. This study aims to evaluate the effect of varying MMT concentrations on BC/CS composite hydrogels through a chemical crosslinking method using 1% glutaraldehyde. BC slurry was combined with 1%, 2%, 3% chitosan (w/v) and MMT (0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% w/v), then processed into composite hydrogels. The obtained material was characterized to assess its mechanical properties through compression test, swelling, and gel fraction, morphology such as SEM and XRD, functional groups with FTIR, and biological properties through antibacterial testing against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as well as cytotoxicity testing using the MTT assay. The hypothesis of this study is that the addition of MMT in BC/CS composites can strengthen the hydrogel structure, improve mechanical resistance, and support the effectiveness of chitosan's antibacterial activity. The results showed that variations in the concentration of montmorillonite (MMT) and chitosan (CS) significantly affected the physical, mechanical, and biological properties of bacterial cellulose hydrogels (BC). Increasing MMT and CS enhances the compressive strength of hydrogels through physical reinforcement mechanisms, hydrogen bond formation, and increased network density, with a maximum value of 2.01 MPa at 7% MMT. Increasing MMT and CS concentrations decreased the Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR) and swelling ratio due to a reduction in free hydrophilic groups and the formation of more complex diffusion pathways, but increased structural stability with a gel fraction value of 99.34%. The optimal composition exhibits ideal wound dressing characteristics with a WVTR of 2290 g/(m²·day) and swelling of 562.72% at basic pH. Biologically, the hydrogel shows antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and is non-cytotoxic with cell viability >90% based on ISO 10993-5 standards. Keywords: bacterial cellulose, chitosan, montmorillonite, wound dressing
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | bacterial cellulose, chitosan, montmorillonit, wound dressing |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > Polymerization Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD471 Chemical compounds - Structure and formulas Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD481 Chemical structure. R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ruth Utami Febriyana Parhusip |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jan 2026 09:29 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jan 2026 09:29 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130114 |
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