Studi Kelayakan Perencanaan Peningkatan Tekanan Jaringan Distribusi Zona 3 PDAM Surabaya

Imaniar, Qoyyum (2026) Studi Kelayakan Perencanaan Peningkatan Tekanan Jaringan Distribusi Zona 3 PDAM Surabaya. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 6012241122-Master_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (12MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Perusahaan Umum Daerah Air Minum (Perumdam) Surya Sembada Kota Surabaya terus berupaya meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan untuk mendukung pelaksanaan Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah (RPJMD) Kota Surabaya 2021–2026, khususnya tujuan nomor 6, yaitu mewujudkan akses universal terhadap air minum yang aman dan merata bagi seluruh masyarakat pada tahun 2030. Namun, kondisi aktual menunjukkan masih adanya ketimpangan distribusi air minum di beberapa wilayah pelayanan, terutama di Zona 3, yang belum memenuhi standar teknis sesuai Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No. 18/RT/M/2007. Pada wilayah ini, sisa tinggi tekan air rata-rata berada di bawah 2 meter kolom air, jauh di bawah standar minimum 5–10 meter kolom air, sehingga aliran air sulit keluar secara optimal pada jam-jam puncak. Rendahnya tinggi tekan air diduga disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain jarak Zona 3 yang cukup jauh dari Instalasi Pengolahan Air Minum (IPAM), tingginya kepadatan penduduk dan kebutuhan air pada jam puncak, kondisi jaringan distribusi yang belum optimal, serta tingginya tingkat kehilangan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis permasalahan teknis rendahnya tinggi tekan air di Zona 3, merencanakan alternatif peningkatan jaringan distribusi, serta melakukan studi kelayakan terhadap alternatif yang diusulkan berdasarkan analisis hidraulik, efisiensi biaya, dan kelayakan ekonomi. Simulasi dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yaitu kondisi eksisting tahun 2025 dan kondisi proyeksi tahun 2030, sesuai dengan target RPJMD tujuan nomor 6. Terdapat lima skenario analisis yang dikaji, yaitu: (1) tanpa peningkatan, (2) rencana peningkatan dari Perumdam Surabaya, (3) alternatif peningkatan dari penulis, (4) kombinasi rehabilitasi pipa dan rencana Perumdam, serta (5) kombinasi rehabilitasi pipa dan alternatif dari penulis. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak GIS dan WaterGEMS untuk memodelkan jaringan distribusi seluruh Kota Surabaya dengan fokus pada hasil tekanan di Zona 3. Parameter yang digunakan meliputi data rekening ditagih (DRD), suplai air eksisting, debit, serta tekanan lapangan. Analisis biaya dilakukan melalui penyusunan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) dan perhitungan kelayakan ekonomi dengan indikator NPV, BCR, IRR, dan Payback Period (PP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Skenario 1 menghasilkan tekanan optimal sebesar 37% pada tahun 2025 dan 48% pada tahun 2030 tanpa biaya investasi. Skenario 2 menghasilkan tekanan optimal 58% dan 66% dengan biaya Rp220 miliar. Skenario 3 mencapai 65% dan 74% dengan biaya Rp53,2 miliar. Skenario 4 mencapai 99,8% untuk kedua tahun dengan biaya Rp276 miliar. Skenario 5, yaitu kombinasi alternatif peningkatan dan rehabilitasi pipa, mencapai tekanan optimal 100% pada tahun 2025 dan 2030 dengan biaya Rp109,1 miliar. Hasil analisis ekonomi Skenario 5 menunjukkan nilai NPV sebesar Rp469 miliar, BCR 2,29, IRR 37%, dan Payback Period 1,89 tahun. Dengan demikian, Skenario 5 direkomendasikan karena memberikan hasil tekanan yang optimal, efisiensi biaya yang tinggi, serta layak secara ekonomi.
==================================================================================================================================
Surya Sembada of Surabaya City continues to improve its service quality to support the implementation of the Surabaya City Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD) 2021–2026, particularly Goal No. 6, which aims to achieve universal access to safe and equitable drinking water for all residents by 2030. However, current conditions indicate that disparities in drinking water distribution still exist in several service areas, especially in Zone 3, which does not meet the technical standards set by the Minister of Public Works Regulation No. 18/RT/M/2007. In this area, the average residual water head pressure is below 2 meters of water column, far below the minimum standard of 5–10 meters, resulting in suboptimal water flow during peak hours. The low water pressure is believed to be caused by several factors, including the considerable distance of Zone 3 from the Water Treatment Plant (IPAM), high population density and water demand during peak hours, suboptimal distribution network conditions, and a high level of water losses. This study aims to analyze the technical problems causing low water head pressure in Zone 3, plan alternative improvements for the distribution network, and conduct a feasibility study on the proposed alternatives based on hydraulic analysis, cost efficiency, and economic feasibility. The simulation was carried out in two stages, representing existing conditions in 2025 and projected conditions in 2030, in accordance with RPJMD Goal No. 6. Five analysis scenarios were examined: (1) no improvement, (2) improvement plan from Perumdam Surabaya, (3) alternative improvement plan proposed by the author, (4) combination of pipe rehabilitation and Perumdam’s plan, and (5) combination of pipe rehabilitation and the author’s alternative plan. The analysis was conducted using GIS and WaterGEMS software to model the entire Surabaya City distribution network with a focus on pressure simulation results in Zone 3. The parameters used included billed water data (DRD), existing water supply, discharge, and field pressure data. The cost analysis was carried out through the preparation of a Bill of Quantities (BoQ) and an economic feasibility assessment using NPV, BCR, IRR, and Payback Period (PP) indicators. The research results show that Scenario 1 produces optimal pressure of 37% in 2025 and 48% in 2030 without investment costs. Scenario 2 achieves optimal pressure of 58% and 66% with a cost of IDR 220 billion. Scenario 3 achieves 65% and 74% with a cost of IDR 53.2 billion. Scenario 4 achieves 99.8% optimal pressure for both years with a cost of IDR 276 billion. Scenario 5, which combines the author’s alternative plan with pipe rehabilitation, achieves 100% optimal pressure in both 2025 and 2030 with a total cost of IDR 109.1 billion. The economic analysis of Scenario 5 shows an NPV of IDR 469 billion, a BCR of 2.29, an IRR of 37%, and a Payback Period of 1.89 years. Therefore, Scenario 5 is recommended as it provides optimal pressure performance, high cost efficiency, and strong economic feasibility.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	tinggi tekan air, WaterGEMS, efisiensi biaya, analisis ekonomi, Zona 3, Kota Surabaya,water head pressure, WaterGEMS, cost efficiency, economic analysis, Zone 3, Surabaya City.
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD233 Water consumption T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD395 Reservoirs (water supply) T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD433 Water treatment plants T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD481 Water distribution systems
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Imaniar Qoyyum
Date Deposited:	23 Jan 2026 07:16
Last Modified:	23 Jan 2026 07:16
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130231

Actions (login required)

View Item