Penilaian Risiko Dari Bahaya Besar Pada Pabrik Perakitan Detonator Dengan Metode Bow-Tie Analysis

Wardoyo, Pramudya Pratama (2026) Penilaian Risiko Dari Bahaya Besar Pada Pabrik Perakitan Detonator Dengan Metode Bow-Tie Analysis. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November.

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Abstract

Industri perakitan detonator, khususnya jenis non‑elektrik dan electronic blasting system (EBS), merupakan sektor dengan tingkat risiko tinggi terhadap kejadian besar seperti ledakan dan kebakaran akibat karakteristik bahan peledak yang sensitif terhadap energi eksternal serta kompleksitas proses perakitannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan penilaian risiko bahaya besar menggunakan metode Bow‑Tie Analysis untuk mengintegrasikan analisis penyebab (fault tree) dan konsekuensi (event tree) dalam satu model yang komprehensif. Hasil analisis mengidentifikasi empat kategori bahaya utama, yaitu kontak detonator dengan listrik statis dari tubuh, kesalahan teknis pada proses crimping, produk jatuh saat gagal handling dan terinjak, serta tabrakan kendaraan pengangkut bahan peledak. Hubungan sistemik menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar kegagalan operasional dipengaruhi oleh degradasi kontrol seperti keterbatasan uji interlock dan gap kompetensi personel yang dapat memicu konsekuensi fatal mulai dari ledakan lokal hingga kerusakan fasilitas. Strategi pengendalian difokuskan pada penguatan preventive barriers, termasuk sistem earthing/bonding dan interlock redundan, serta mitigative barriers seperti blast shields, zonasi personel, dan rencana tanggap darurat. Secara keseluruhan, penguatan integritas barrier melalui sistem interlock otomatis, standardisasi material disipatif, dan digitalisasi pemantauan risiko berbasis kerangka 6M dinilai efektif menurunkan probabilitas top event hingga mencapai tingkat risiko yang dapat diterima (as low as reasonably practicable).
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The detonator assembly industry, particularly for non-electric types and electronic blasting systems (EBS), is characterized by a high level of risk related to major accidents such as explosions and fires due to the sensitivity of explosive materials to external energy sources and the complexity of assembly processes. This study aims to assess major hazard risks using the Bow-Tie Analysis method, integrating fault tree (causal) and event tree (consequence) analyses into a single comprehensive model. The results identify four primary hazard categories during assembly: detonators coming into contact with static electricity from the human body, technical errors in the crimping process, products falling due to handling failure and being stepped on, and collisions involving vehicles transporting explosive materials. Systemic analysis indicates that operational failures largely stem from degraded controls, such as insufficient interlock testing and competency gaps among personnel, which may lead to fatal consequences ranging from localized explosions to extensive facility damage. Risk control strategies focus on strengthening preventive barriers, including earthing/bonding systems and redundant interlocks, as well as mitigative barriers such as blast shields, personnel zoning, and emergency response planning. Overall, enhancing barrier integrity through automated interlock systems, standardization of dissipative materials, and digitalized risk monitoring based on the 6M framework is considered effective in reducing the probability of top events to a level that is practically acceptable (as low as reasonably practicable).

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Penilaian Risiko, Bahaya Besar, Pabrik Perakitan Detonator, Bow-Tie Analysis, Keselamatan Kerja, Pengendalian Risiko, Non-Elektrik Detonator, Electronic Blasting System (EBS) Detonator. ============================================================ Risk Assessment, Major Hazards, Detonator Assembly Plant, Bow-Tie Analysis, Occupational Safety, Risk Control, Non-Electric Detonator, Electronic Blasting System (EBS) Detonator.
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T174.5 Technology--Risk assessment.
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 61101-Master of Technology Management (MMT)
Depositing User:	Pramudya Pratama Wardoyo
Date Deposited:	27 Jan 2026 03:23
Last Modified:	27 Jan 2026 03:23
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130304

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