Kajian Hydroseeding Menggunakan Setaria italica L. dan Brachiaria decumbens dalam Mengurangi Erosi Tanah pada Lahan Bekas Pertambangan

Savitri, Rachma Almira (2026) Kajian Hydroseeding Menggunakan Setaria italica L. dan Brachiaria decumbens dalam Mengurangi Erosi Tanah pada Lahan Bekas Pertambangan. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Lahan bekas tambang merupakan salah satu wilayah yang rentan terhadap erosi tanah. Hal ini disebabkan oleh hilangnya vegetasi alami dan terjadi ketidakstabilan lereng. Hydroseeding merupakan salah satu metode untuk meningkatkan vegetasi, menurunkan kecepatan limpasan air dan potensi erosi tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kemampuan hydroseeding menggunakan Setaria italica L. dan Brachiaria decumbens yang dikombinasikan dengan jute net serta menganalisis pengaruh tingkat kemiringan terhadap kinerja hydroseeding dalam peningkatan vegetasi dan pengendalian erosi tanah. Digunakan dua variasi kemiringan yang disesuaikan dengan kemiringan eksisting lahan bekas tambang, yaitu 45° dan 70°. Reaktor diatur sesuai kemiringan tersebut dan diisi dengan tanah sebagai media tanam. Penelitian utama dilakukan selama dua bulan untuk menggambarkan pertumbuhan dan performa setiap tanaman. Aplikasi hydroseeding dilakukan dengan mencampurkan benih tanaman, air, mulsa, pupuk, dan perekat yang kemudian disemprotkan pada permukaan tanah miring. Parameter yang diukur meliputi laju pertumbuhan tanaman, tutupan lahan, laju aliran air, TSS, pH, dan suhu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan hydroseeding mampu mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman yang ditunjukkan oleh terbentuknya tutupan lahan mencapai 65% di kemiringan 45° dan 40,6% pada kemiringan 70°, meningkatnya pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman (24,5 - 33,4 cm) dan panjang daun (24,3 - 28,25 cm) untuk S. italica, serta tinggi tanaman (19,75 – 52,85 cm) dan panjang daun (30 – 35,5 cm) untuk B. decumbens. Selain itu, potensi erosi juga mampu menurun melalui penurunan laju aliran air hingga sebesar 0,005 L/s dan TSS di minggu ke-8 berada dalam rentang 119 – 240 mg/L pada kemiringan 45° dan 463 – 678 mg/L pada kemiringan 70°. Di antara kedua tanaman, S. italica munjukkan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan B. decumbens. Selain itu, faktor kemiringan berpengaruh nyata, di mana pada kemiringan 45° hydroseeding memberikan hasil revegetasi dan pengendalian erosi tanah yang lebih stabil dibandingkan kemiringan 70° yang cenderung menghasilkan laju aliran dan TSS lebih tinggi akibat energi aliran permukaan yang besar.
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Former mining sites are one of the most vulnerable areas to soil erosion. This is due to the loss of natural vegetation and slope instability. Hydroseeding is a revegetation method used to increase vegetation cover, reduce the speed of water runoff, and mitigate soil erosion potential. This study aims to analyze the ability of hydroseeding using Setaria italica L. and Brachiaria decumbens combined with jute net and to determine the effect of slope on the performance of hydroseeding in increasing vegetation and controlling soil erosion. This study used two slope variations adjusted to the existing slope of the former mining site, specifically 45° and 70°. The main research was conducted over two months to describe the growth and performance of each plant. Hydroseeding was applied by mixing plant seeds, water, mulch, fertilizer, and tackifier, which were then sprayed onto the sloping soil surface. The parameters tested in the study included plant growth rate, land cover, water flow rate, TSS, pH, and temperature. The results showed that hydroseeding supported plant germination and growth, as indicated by land cover reaching 65% on a 45° slope and 40.6% on a 70° slope, increased plant height (24.5–33.4 cm) and leaf length (24.3 - 28.25 cm) for S. italica, as well as plant height (19.75 – 52.85 cm) and leaf length (30 – 35.5 cm) for B. decumbens. In addition, erosion potential was also reduced through a decrease in water flow rate up to 0.005 L/s and TSS in week 8 was in the range of 119–240 mg/L at a slope of 45° and 463–678 mg/L at a slope of 70°. Between the two plants, S. italica showed better results than B. decumbens. In addition, the slope factor had a significant effect, where at a slope of 45°, hydroseeding provided more stable revegetation and soil erosion reduction results compared to a slope of 70°, which tended to produce higher flow rates and TSS due to high surface flow energy.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Brachiaria decumbens, Erosi, Hydroseeding, Kemiringan, Setaria italica L. Brachiaria decumbens, Erosion, Hydroseeding, Slope, Setaria italica L.
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD878.47 Soil remediation
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Rachma Almira Savitri
Date Deposited:	27 Jan 2026 03:34
Last Modified:	27 Jan 2026 03:34
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130330

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