Perencanaan Sistem Penyaluran dan Pengolahan Air Limbah Kelurahan Ngagelrejo, Kecamatan Wonokromo, Kota Surabaya

Cakra, Gusti Dewa Ken' Suy (2026) Perencanaan Sistem Penyaluran dan Pengolahan Air Limbah Kelurahan Ngagelrejo, Kecamatan Wonokromo, Kota Surabaya. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Perkembangan pesat Kota Surabaya, ditandai dengan ekspansi infrastruktur dan meningkatnya jumlah penduduk, menimbulkan kebutuhan air bersih yang besar sekaligus meningkatkan volume limbah domestik. Namun, infrastruktur pengelolaan limbah yang belum merata dan belum optimal di kawasan padat seperti Kelurahan Ngagelrejo menyebabkan pencemaran saluran air utama seperti Kali Jagir dan Kali Surabaya. Pembuangan limbah domestik dan industri langsung ke sungai mengancam sumber air baku Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) dan meningkatkan risiko kesehatan masyarakat, sementara regulasi mengamanatkan pengelolaan limbah terintegrasi melalui Sistem Penyaluran Air Limbah (SPAL) dan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) yang ramah lingkungan, yang belum sepenuhnya terealisasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data primer melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara mendalam, dan kuesioner kepada warga Kelurahan Ngagelrejo untuk memperoleh informasi tentang kondisi sanitasi, aksesibilitas, dan kesiapan masyarakat mendukung pembangunan SPAL dan IPAL. Data sekunder dikumpulkan dari literatur teknis, regulasi pengelolaan limbah, peta administrasi, tata guna lahan, topografi, kependudukan, dan kebutuhan air bersih sebagai proyeksi jangka panjang. Analisis perencanaan dimulai dengan penentuan jalur pipa SPAL berdasarkan tata letak wilayah, elevasi, dan distribusi sumber limbah, diikuti perhitungan debit air limbah sesuai pola konsumsi warga sebagai dasar desain jaringan pipa dan kapasitas. Pemilihan unit pengolahan IPAL disesuaikan dengan karakteristik limbah fisik, kimia, dan biologis agar memenuhi baku mutu lingkungan. Perhitungan kebutuhan lahan IPAL dan penyusunan Bill of Quantity (BOQ) serta Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) dilakukan berdasarkan Harga Satuan Pokok Kegiatan (HSPK) Kota Surabaya. Hasil perencanaan menunjukkan bahwa desain Sistem Penyaluran Air Limbah (SPAL) terdiri dari pipa induk dan pipa servis yang mengalirkan air limbah menuju satu IPAL, dengan pipa induk sebanyak 3 jalur (10 segmen) dan pipa servis sebanyak 11 segmen untuk melayani 11 blok perencanaan. Seluruh jaringan menggunakan pipa HDPE dengan diameter bervariasi antara 125 mm hingga 710 mm, dilengkapi bangunan pelengkap berupa manhole dan 3 unit pompa, dengan total biaya pembangunan SPAL sebesar Rp 4.714.583.748,38. Sementara itu, IPAL direncanakan menggunakan 1 unit sumur pengumpul dilengkapi pompa, 8 unit anaerobic baffle reactor yang terbagi atas zona pengendapan dan zona baffle, serta 8 unit aerobic biofilter yang menggunakan media sarang tawon dan dilengkapi blower dan diffuser, kemudian diakhiri dengan unit disinfeksi berupa bak pembubuh dan bak kontak dengan kebutuhan klorin sebesar 467,25 kg per bulan. Total biaya pembangunan IPAL berdasarkan perhitungan BOQ dan RAB adalah sebesar Rp 11.645.126.361,53, sehingga perencanaan ini memberikan solusi teknis yang terintegrasi dan efisien dalam pengelolaan limbah domestik.
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The rapid development of Surabaya, marked by infrastructure expansion and a significant increase in population, has led to a high demand for clean water alongside a substantial rise in domestic wastewater volume. However, the wastewater management infrastructure remains uneven and suboptimal, particularly in densely populated areas such as Ngagelrejo subdistrict, which has resulted in pollution of major water channels like Kali Jagir and Kali Surabaya. The direct discharge of domestic and industrial waste into rivers threatens the raw water sources for Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) and elevates public health risks, while regulations mandate integrated wastewater management through environmentally friendly Wastewater Conveyance Systems (WCS) and Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP), which have yet to be fully implemented. This study was conducted by collecting primary data through field observations, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires with residents of Ngagelrejo subdistrict to gather information on sanitation conditions, accessibility, and community readiness to support the development of SPAL and IPAL. Secondary data were compiled from technical literature, wastewater management regulations, administrative maps, land use, topography, population data, and long term clean water demand projections. Planning analysis began with determining the SPAL pipeline routes based on area layout, elevation, and waste source distribution, followed by calculating wastewater flow according to residents’ water consumption patterns as the basis for pipeline network design and capacity. The selection of IPAL treatment units was tailored to the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of wastewater to meet environmental quality standards. IPAL land requirements and the Bill of Quantity (BOQ) as well as the Budget Plan (RAB) were calculated based on Surabaya’s Standard Item Price List (HSPK). The planning results indicate that the Wastewater Conveyance System (WCS) design consists of trunk sewers and service pipes that convey wastewater to a single Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), with three trunk sewer lines comprising 10 segments and 11 service pipe segments serving 11 planned blocks. The entire network uses HDPE pipes with diameters ranging from 125 mm to 710 mm and is equipped with ancillary structures in the form of manholes and three pumping units, resulting in a total WCS construction cost of Rp 4,714,583,748.38. Meanwhile, the WWTP is planned to include one collection sump equipped with pumps, eight anaerobic baffled reactor units divided into a sedimentation zone and a baffle zone, and eight aerobic biofilter units utilizing honeycomb filter media and equipped with blowers and diffusers, followed by a disinfection unit consisting of a dosing tank and a contact tank with a chlorine requirement of 467.25 kg per month. Based on the bill of quantities (BOQ) and cost estimation (RAB), the total construction cost of the WWTP is Rp 11.645.126.361,53, indicating that the proposed planning provides an integrated and efficient technical solution for domestic wastewater management.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	SPAL, IPAL, air limbah, sanitasi, aksesbilitas SWC, WWTP, wastewater, sanitation, accesbility
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.S47 Sewage disposal plants--Environmental aspects T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD756.45 Anaerobic treatment
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Gusti Dewa Ken` Suy Cakra
Date Deposited:	27 Jan 2026 10:03
Last Modified:	27 Jan 2026 10:03
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130629

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