Hadjoe, Muhammad Nabil (2026) Analisis Area Urban dengan Indeks Lahan Terbangun terhadap Land Subsidence menggunakan Citra ALOS PALSAR-2 (Studi Kasus: Kota Surabaya). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Perkembangan Kota Surabaya sebagai pusat metropolitan di Provinsi Jawa Timur berlangsung sangat pesat, ditandai oleh meningkatnya populasi, ekspansi kawasan terbangun, serta perubahan penggunaan lahan yang signifikan, terutama di wilayah pinggiran kota. Dinamika tersebut dipicu oleh urbanisasi dan pertumbuhan ekonomi, namun berpotensi menimbulkan tekanan lingkungan, salah satunya berupa fenomena penurunan muka tanah (land subsidence). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan sebaran lahan terbangun, menganalisis pola dan besaran deformasi tanah, serta mengkaji keterkaitan antara keterbangunan lahan dan kejadian land subsidence di Kota Surabaya. Data yang digunakan berupa citra ALOS PALSAR-2 Single Look Complex (SLC) periode 2021–2024. Metode IBUIsar (Impervious Built-Up Index SAR) diterapkan untuk mengidentifikasi kawasan terbangun, sedangkan metode Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PS-InSAR) digunakan untuk mengukur deformasi permukaan tanah secara presisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode IBUIsar mampu memetakan kawasan terbangun dengan nilai overall accuracy rata-rata sebesar 89,04%, dengan konsentrasi kawasan terbangun utama berada di wilayah tengah, timur, dan utara Kota Surabaya. Analisis PS-InSAR berhasil mengidentifikasi 50.163 titik Persistent Scatterer dengan nilai deformasi berkisar antara −53,68 mm/tahun hingga 70,63 mm/tahun, serta kecenderungan dominan berupa penurunan muka tanah dengan nilai rata-rata −5,28 mm/tahun. Namun demikian, hasil analisis spasial menunjukkan bahwa sebaran titik subsidence lebih banyak terkonsentrasi pada area lahan tidak terbangun, khususnya di wilayah timur hingga selatan Kota Surabaya, sementara beberapa titik uplift ditemukan di bagian utara dan barat kota. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa area yang terjadi perubahan lahan terbangun memiliki jumlah kemunculan titik subsidence yang lebih sedikit disebabkan wilayah dengan pertumbuhan infrastruktur yang cepat atau terjadi perubahan tutupan lahan.
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The development of Surabaya as a metropolitan center in East Java Province has been rapid, marked by population growth, expansion of built-up areas, and significant changes in land use, especially in the suburbs. These dynamics are driven by urbanization and economic growth, but have the potential to cause environmental pressures, one of which is the phenomenon of land subsidence. This study aims to map the distribution of built-up land, analyze the patterns and magnitude of land deformation, and examine the relationship between land development and land subsidence in the city of Surabaya. The data used were ALOS PALSAR-2 Single Look Complex (SLC) images from 2021 to 2024. The IBUIsar (Impervious Built-Up Index SAR) method was applied to identify built-up areas, while the Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PS-InSAR) method was used to measure ground surface deformation with precision. The results showed that the IBUIsar method was able to map built-up areas with an average overall accuracy of 89.04%, with the main concentration of built-up areas located in the central, eastern, and northern parts of Surabaya. The PS-InSAR analysis successfully identified 50,163 Persistent Scatterer points with deformation values ranging from −53.68 mm/year to 70.63 mm/year, as well as a dominant trend of ground subsidence with an average value of −5.28 mm/year. However, spatial analysis results show that the distribution of subsidence points is more concentrated in undeveloped areas, particularly in the eastern to southern parts of Surabaya, while several uplift points are found in the northern and western parts of the city. These findings indicate that areas undergoing built-up land changes have fewer subsidence points due to rapid infrastructure growth or land cover changes.
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