Saraswati, Fitriyah (2026) Optimasi Desain Sistem Gating pada Pengecoran Balingbaling Tipe Wageningen B-Series untuk Reduksi Cacat Porositas Susut Menggunakan Simulasi Numerik. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Baling-baling kapal merupakan komponen utama dalam sistem propulsi yang berperan penting dalam efisiensi pergerakan kapal. Umumnya, baling-baling kapal diproduksi melalui proses pengecoran. Pada proses pengecoran desain system gating berpengaruh terhadap kualitas benda cor. Desain sistem gating yang tidak optimal dapat menyebabkan terbentuknya cacat seperti porositas susut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan optimasi desain sistem gating pada pengecoran baling-baling tipe Wageningen B-Series berbahan Nickel Aluminum Bronze (NAB) guna mereduksi cacat porositas susut yang terbentuk pada benda cor. Metode penelitian dilakukan menggunakan simulasi numerik dengan perangkat lunak ProCAST. Variasi desain difokuskan pada parameter geometrik sistem gating dan risering yang meliputi diameter sprue, jumlah ingate, lebar ingate, jari-jari runner, dan diameter riser. Evaluasi hasil simulasi dilakukan berdasarkan karakteristik pengisian cetakan, waktu solidifikasi, distribusi temperatur, serta evolusi volume shrinkage porosity. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa variasi desain sistem gating memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap pola solidifikasi dan mekanisme feeding yang berdampak langsung pada volume dan lokasi porositas susut, khususnya pada area hub baling-baling. Berdasarkan analisis seluruh variasi desain, Variasi 9 ditetapkan sebagai desain optimal dengan menghasilkan volume shrinkage porosity terkecil sebesar 6,7544 cc serta yield pengecoran sebesar 57,59%, disertai karakteristik pengisian dan solidifikasi yang stabil. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa optimasi desain sistem gating melalui simulasi numerik mampu meningkatkan kualitas hasil cor baling-baling NAB sekaligus meningkatkan efisiensi proses manufaktur.
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Ship propellers are a key component in propulsion systems that play an important role in the efficiency of ship movement. Generally, ship propellers are manufactured through a casting process. In the casting process, the design of the gating system affects the quality of the castings. An suboptimal gating system design can cause defects such as shrinkage porosity. This study aims to optimize the gating system design in the casting of Wageningen B-Series propellers made of Nickel Aluminum Bronze (NAB) to reduce shrinkage porosity defects in the castings. The research method used numerical simulation with ProCAST software. Design variations focused on the geometric parameters of the gating and riser systems, including sprue diameter, number of ingates, ingate width, runner radius, and riser diameter. Simulation results were evaluated based on mold filling characteristics, solidification time, temperature distribution, and shrinkage porosity volume evolution. The simulation results showed that variations in the gating system design had a significant effect on the solidification pattern and feeding mechanism, which directly impacted the volume and location of shrinkage porosity, particularly in the hub area of the propeller. Based on the analysis of all design variations, Variation 9 was determined to be the optimal design, producing the smallest shrinkage porosity volume of 6.7544 cc and a casting yield of 57.59%, accompanied by stable filling and solidification characteristics. The results of this study indicate that optimizing the gating system design through numerical simulation can improve the quality of NAB propeller castings while also increasing manufacturing process efficiency.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | baling-baling kapal, NAB, sistem gating, shrinkage porosity, simulasi numerik. gating system, NAB, numerical simulation. ship propeller, shrinkage porosity, |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA357 Computational fluid dynamics. Fluid Mechanics T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS233 Sand casting. Metal castings--Thermal properties. V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM753 Propellers |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 27101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Fitriyah Saraswati |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Jan 2026 06:43 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jan 2026 06:44 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130985 |
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