Kajian Reklamasi Lahan Pascatambang Timah Aluvial melalui Pendekatan Remediasi Berkelanjutan di Wilayah Kemingking, Bangka Tengah

Aeni, Deventi Nur (2026) Kajian Reklamasi Lahan Pascatambang Timah Aluvial melalui Pendekatan Remediasi Berkelanjutan di Wilayah Kemingking, Bangka Tengah. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Reklamasi lahan pada tahap operasi produksi dan tahap pascatambang merupakan kewajiban pemegang Izin Usaha Pertambangan sekaligus instrumen penting dalam penerapan pertambangan berkelanjutan dan prinsip good mining practice. Wilayah Kemingking masih menghadapi permasalahan reklamasi, antara lain bukaan lahan akibat tambang ilegal, keterbatasan topsoil, ketidaksesuaian jenis tanamana revegetasi, serta belum tersusunnya estimasi biaya berbasis kondisi aktual. Studi ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi reklamasi yang komprehensif dengan mempertimbangkan kajian teknis, lingkungan, dan finansial. Metode penelitian melibatkan analisis data spasial multitemporal citra satelit dan drone untuk identifikasi bukaan lahan, evaluasi kualitas tanah berdasarkan parameter fisik, kimia, dan biologi guna menentukan kesesuaian jenis vegetasi, serta analisis biaya manfaat untuk estimasi biaya reklamasi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan reklamasi yang optimal memerlukan integrasi data spasial dan fisik untuk penentuan prioritas remediasi. Realisasi bukaan lahan hingga akhir tahun 2024 mencapai 145,108 ha, dengan rencana tambahan seluas 45,116 ha pada periode 2025–2031, sehingga total area yang akan direklamasi seluas 190,224 ha. Kualitas tanah pada empat lokasi berdasarkan 17 parameter tergolong sedang hingga baik. Jenis vegetasi yang adaptif terhadap lahan reklamasi pascatambang meliputi akasia, gelam, sengon, centro, lamtoro, cemara laut, dan ketapang. Estimasi biaya reklamasi pada tahap operasi produksi selama tujuh tahun sebesar Rp 24.497.373.020, sedangkan biaya reklamasi pascatambang diperkirakan sebesar Rp 6.372.972.957. Keberhasilan reklamasi pada tahap operasi produksi ditunjukkan oleh tingkat tumbuh tanaman 70–89% dan penutupan tajuk 91%, sementara pada tahap pascatambang revegetasi pada tapak bekas tambang, fasilitas pengolahan dan fasilitas penunjang, kegiatan pengembangan sosial, budaya dan ekonomi terealisasi seluruhnya, pemantauan kualitas air dan tanah memenuhi baku mutu lingkungan dan keanekaragaman hayati meningkat sejalan dengan peningkatan kualitas air.
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Land reclamation in the production operation and post-mining stages is an obligation of Mining Business License holders as well as an important instrument in implementing sustainable mining and good mining practice principles. The Kemingking area still faces reclamation problems, including land clearing due to illegal mining, limited topsoil, unsuitable types of revegetation plants, and an unrealized cost estimate based on actual conditions. This study aims to design a comprehensive reclamation strategy by considering technical, environmental and financial studies. The research methods involved multitemporal spatial data analysis of satellite and drone imagery for land clearing identification, soil quality evaluation based on physical, chemical and biological parameters to determine vegetation type suitability, and benefit-cost analysis for reclamation cost estimation. This research shows that optimal reclamation planning requires the integration of spatial and physical data for remediation prioritization. The actual land clearing by the end of 2024 reached 145.108 ha, with an additional 45.116 ha planned for the 20252031 period, bringing the total area to be reclaimed to 190.224 ha. Soil quality at the four locations based on 17 parameters is classified as moderate to good. Vegetation types adaptive to post-mining reclamation land include acacia, gelam, sengon, centro, lamtoro, sea pine, and ketapang. Estimated reclamation costs at the production operation stage for seven years amount to IDR 24,497,373,020, while post-mining reclamation costs are estimated at IDR 6,372,972,957. The success of reclamation at the production operation stage is indicated by a plant growth rate of 70-89% and canopy closure of 91%, while at the post-mining stage revegetation of the former mine site, processing facilities and supporting facilities, social, cultural and economic development activities are fully realized, water and soil quality monitoring meets environmental quality standards and biodiversity increases in line with improved water quality.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	biaya, citra satelit, pascatambang, penambangan, reklamasi, revegetasi, timah aluvial, tutupan lahan
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.75 Phytoremediation. T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD878.47 Soil remediation
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Deventi Nur Aeni
Date Deposited:	29 Jan 2026 07:55
Last Modified:	29 Jan 2026 07:55
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/131058

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