Pemodelan Faktor Penentu Kinerja Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Berbasis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)

Sivatino, Moiko (2026) Pemodelan Faktor Penentu Kinerja Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Berbasis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penerapan sistem Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) yang efektif merupakan kebutuhan strategis dalam memastikan perlindungan tenaga kerja dan kelangsungan operasional, khususnya di industri berisiko tinggi seperti PT XYZ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kinerja keselamatan kerja (safety performance), dengan fokus pada variabel pengawasan, pengakuan kepada karyawan, motivasi kerja, partisipasi, dan lingkungan kerja. Permasalahan implementasi K3 di PT XYZ masih ditandai oleh terjadinya insiden kerja, lemahnya budaya pengawasan, serta rendahnya keterlibatan pekerja dalam pelaksanaan keselamatan kerja, menjadi latar belakang utama dilakukannya studi ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada 150 responden dari total populasi 467 pekerja di PT XYZ. Variabel-variabel penelitian dikembangkan dari indikator teoritis yang telah divalidasi oleh berbagai studi sebelumnya. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak SmartPLS dengan tahapan uji validitas, reliabilitas, serta uji model pengukuran dan struktural. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengakuan karyawan, partisipasi, dan lingkungan kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja keselamatan, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, sementara pengawasan tidak menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja keselamatan. Kontribusi dari penelitian ini bersifat teoritis dan praktis. Secara teoritis, penelitian ini memperluas pemahaman tentang model hubungan antara faktor organisasi dan kinerja K3 berbasis pendekatan SEM dalam konteks industri pertahanan. Secara praktis, hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan PT XYZ untuk menerapkan program 5R (Ringkas, Rapi, Resik, Rawat, dan Rajin) secara berkelanjutan sebagai bagian dari budaya kerja dan sistem keselamatan. Penerapan 5R yang konsisten dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sarana penguatan pengakuan terhadap karyawan, mendorong partisipasi aktif pekerja dalam kegiatan keselamatan, serta menjaga kondisi lingkungan kerja tetap rapi, bersih, dan aman. Dengan demikian, program 5R berpotensi menjadi instrumen praktis yang mendukung peningkatan kinerja keselamatan secara berkelanjutan di Perusahaan.
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The implementation of an effective Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) system is a strategic necessity to ensure worker protection and operational continuity, particularly in high-risk industries such as PT XYZ. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing safety performance, focusing on the variables of supervision, employee recognition, work motivation, participation, and the work environment. The implementation of OSH at PT XYZ is still characterized by the occurrence of workplace incidents, weak supervisory culture, and low levels of worker involvement in safety practices, which form the primary background of this study. The research adopts a quantitative approach using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by distributing questionnaires to 150 respondents out of a total population of 467 employees at PT XYZ. The research variables were developed based on theoretical indicators validated by various previous studies. The collected data were analyzed using SmartPLS software through validity and reliability testing, as well as measurement and structural model evaluation. The results indicate that employee recognition, participation, and the work environment have a significant effect on safety performance, both directly and indirectly, whereas supervision does not show a significant effect on safety performance. This study contributes both theoretically and practically. Theoretically, it expands the understanding of the relationship model between organizational factors and OSH performance using an SEM approach within the context of the defense industry. Practically, the findings recommend that PT XYZ implement the 5R program (Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain) continuously as part of its work culture and safety system. Consistent implementation of 5R can serve as a means to strengthen employee recognition, encourage active worker participation in safety activities, and maintain a tidy, clean, and safe work environment. Therefore, the 5R program has the potential to become a practical instrument supporting the sustainable improvement of safety performance within the company.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3), Pengawasan, Pengakuan Kepada Karyawan, Motivasi Kerja, Kinerja Keselamatan, Occupational Safety and Health (OSH), Supervision, Employee Recognition, Work Motivation, Safety Performance.
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T55 Industrial Safety
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 78201-System And Technology Innovation
Depositing User:	Moiko Sivatino
Date Deposited:	29 Jan 2026 02:02
Last Modified:	29 Jan 2026 02:02
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/131133

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