Isolasi Bakteri Penghasil Selulosa Dari Limbah Perikanan Dan Aplikasinya Sebagai Kandidat Drug Carrier

Kusuma, Bhekti Indah (2026) Isolasi Bakteri Penghasil Selulosa Dari Limbah Perikanan Dan Aplikasinya Sebagai Kandidat Drug Carrier. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan tropis memiliki potensi limbah perikanan yang besar, baik limbah cair maupun padat, yang kaya akan senyawa organik seperti protein dan karbohidrat. Kandungan tersebut menjadikan limbah perikanan sebagai substrat potensial bagi pertumbuhan bakteri penghasil selulosa. Pemanfaatan limbah perikanan tidak hanya mendukung konsep ekonomi sirkular, tetapi juga berpotensi menghasilkan biomaterial bernilai tinggi yang ramah lingkungan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses isolasi bakteri dari limbah perikanan berhasil memperoleh beberapa isolat bakteri tahan asam, dengan isolat SB 3 teridentifikasi sebagai bakteri penghasil selulosa paling potensial. Identifikasi dilakukan melalui pendekatan fenotipik yang meliputi karakterisasi makroskopis, mikroskopis, pewarnaan Gram, serta uji biokimia. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa isolat SB 3 memiliki karakteristik yang sesuai dengan genus Acetobacter, yang dikenal sebagai produsen selulosa bakteri. Pembentukan pelikel pada permukaan media menunjukkan aktivitas polimerisasi glukosa menjadi selulosa dan menegaskan potensi limbah perikanan sebagai sumber bakteri penghasil selulosa. Selulosa bakteri yang dihasilkan selanjutnya dikarakterisasi untuk mengevaluasi potensinya sebagai material biomedis, khususnya sebagai sistem penghantaran obat. Uji Drug Loading Capacity (DLC) menggunakan kurkumin sebagai obat model menunjukkan bahwa selulosa bakteri isolat SB 3 memiliki nilai DLC sebesar 21,08 ± 2,29%, lebih tinggi dibandingkan selulosa bakteri kontrol Acetobacter xylinum sebesar 16,52± 2,40%. Nilai DLC yang lebih tinggi menunjukkan kemampuan pemuatan obat yang lebih efektif, yang berkaitan dengan struktur fibril tiga dimensi selulosa bakteri, luas permukaan yang tinggi, serta keberadaan gugus hidroksil (-OH) sebagai situs interaksi obat. Dengan demikian, selulosa bakteri isolat SB 3 berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai drug carrier berbasis biomaterial berkelanjutan yang ekonomis dan ramah lingkungan.
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Indonesia, as a tropical archipelagic country, has a large potential of fisheries waste, both liquid and solid, which is rich in organic compounds such as proteins and carbohydrates. These components make fisheries waste a potential substrate for the growth of cellulose-producing bacteria. The utilization of fisheries waste not only supports the concept of a circular economy but also offers the potential to produce high-value and environmentally friendly biomaterials. The results showed that the isolation of bacteria from fisheries waste successfully yielded several acid- tolerant bacterial isolates, among which isolate SB 3 was identified as the most potential cellulose- producing bacterium. Identification was carried out using phenotypic approaches, including macroscopic and microscopic characterization, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. The results indicated that isolate SB 3 exhibited characteristics consistent with the genus Acetobacter, a group of bacteria widely known as bacterial cellulose producers. The formation of a pellicle on the surface of the culture medium reflected the polymerization activity of glucose into cellulose and confirmed the potential of fisheries waste as a source of cellulose-producing bacteria. The produced bacterial cellulose was further characterized to evaluate its suitability as a biomedical material, particularly as a drug delivery system. The Drug Loading Capacity (DLC) test using curcumin as a model drug showed that bacterial cellulose from isolate SB 3 had a DLC value of 21.08 ± 2.29%, which was higher than that of the control bacterial cellulose from Acetobacter xylinum (16.52 ± 2.40%). The higher DLC value indicates a more effective drug loading ability, which is associated with the three-dimensional fibrillar structure of bacterial cellulose, its high surface area, and the abundance of hydroxyl (-OH) groups that serve as active sites for interactions with drug molecules. In addition, drug loading is supported by the physical entrapment of curcumin within the pores of the bacterial cellulose matrix. Therefore, bacterial cellulose isolated from fisheries waste, particularly isolate SB 3, shows promising potential to be developed as a sustainable, economical, and environmentally friendly biomaterial-based drug arrier.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Selulosa bakteri, Limbah perikanan, Kurkumin, Drug Loading Capacity, Bacterial cellulose, Fishery waste, Curcumin, Drug carrier
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QR Microbiology Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR74.8 Bacteria
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Bhekti Indah Kusuma
Date Deposited:	29 Jan 2026 08:13
Last Modified:	29 Jan 2026 08:13
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/131162

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