Azizah, Nur (2026) Formulasi Strategi Multi-Aktor Dalam Implementasi Program Housing Voucher Untuk Mengurangi Backlog Hunian Bagi Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah (MBR) Di Kota Surabaya. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Tingginya backlog hunian bagi MBR di Kota Surabaya menunjukkan perlunya alternatif kebijakan perumahan yang lebih adaptif dan berorientasi pada sisi permintaan (demand-side). Salah satu skema yang berpotensi menjawab permasalahan tersebut adalah Program Housing Voucher sebagai subsidi sewa perumahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan strategi multi-aktor dalam implementasi Program Housing Voucher untuk mengurangi backlog hunian bagi MBR di Kota Surabaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif eksploratif-adaptif dengan teknik berupa Directed Content Analysis (DCA) terhadap data wawancara mendalam dengan aktor MBR, pemilik properti, dan Pemerintah Kota Surabaya, serta analisis SWOT untuk perumusan strategi multi-aktor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minat MBR terhadap Program Housing Voucher dipengaruhi oleh variabel keterjangkauan harga sewa hunian, kedekatan lokasi hunian dengan tempat kerja, kedekatan lokasi hunian dengan fasilitas sosial, kemudahan aksesibilitas, ketersediaan prasarana dasar, dan keamanan lingkungan. Sementara itu, kesiapan pemilik properti dipengaruhi oleh variabel kondisi finansial penyewa, bonus partisipasi, bantuan jaminan kerusakan, kompensasi biaya pemeliharaan, dukungan operasional program, prosedur keterlibatan dalam program, penyediaan hunian sewa, serta kecepatan proses penyewaan (leasing). Dari sisi pemerintah, kelayakan implementasi program ditentukan oleh aspek pendanaan, nilai subsidi, ketentuan harga sewa, ketepatan sasaran, transparansi kebijakan, sistem kontrol, dan koordinasi antar aktor. Penelitian ini merumuskan 25 strategi implementasi Housing Voucher yang dibagi sesuai kewenangan aktor, dengan pemerintah sebagai otoritas utama dalam regulasi dan tata kelola. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Program Housing Voucher berpotensi efektif apabila didukung kolaborasi multi-aktor yang terstruktur dan berkelanjutan.
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The high level of housing backlog among low-income communities in Surabaya City indicates the need for alternative housing policies that are more adaptive and oriented toward the demand side. One policy scheme with the potential to address this issue is the Housing Voucher Program as a rental housing subsidy. This study aims to formulate multi-actor strategies for the implementation of the housing voucher program to reduce the housing backlog among low-income communities in Surabaya City. The research employs an exploratory–adaptive qualitative approach using Directed Content Analysis (DCA) based on in-depth interviews with low-income communities, property owners, and the Surabaya City Government, complemented by a SWOT analysis for multi-actor strategy formulation. The results show that the interest of low-income communities in the housing voucher program is influenced by housing rental affordability, proximity to workplaces, proximity to social facilities, accessibility, availability of basic infrastructure, and neighborhood safety. Meanwhile, property owners’ readiness is influenced by tenants’ financial conditions, participation incentives, damage guarantee assistance, maintenance cost compensation, operational program support, participation procedures, rental housing provision, and the speed of the leasing process. From the government’s perspective, program feasibility is determined by funding availability, subsidy value, rental price regulations, targeting accuracy, policy transparency, control systems, and inter-actor coordination. This study formulates 25 housing voucher implementation strategies classified according to actor authority, with the local government acting as the leading authority in regulation and governance. The study concludes that the housing voucher program has strong potential to be effective when supported by structured and sustainable multi-actor collaboration.
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