Arrohman, Muhamad Bintang (2026) Rancangan Infrastruktur Transisi Energi pada Kapal Berbahan Bakar Gas. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Sektor maritim Indonesia menghadapi tantangan pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca sesuai target Net Zero Emission pada tahun 2050. Konversi armada kapal petikemas domestik ke dual fuel engine menggunakan Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) merupakan salah satu solusi yang dipertimbangkan. Penelitian ini menganalisis kelayakan pembangunan infrastruktur bunkering LNG di pelabuhan utama Indonesia untuk mendukung program konversi tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan metode threshold-based demand untuk menentukan lokasi bunkering, metode optimasi untuk menentukan biaya distribusi optimal, dan analisis kelayakan finansial menggunakan Net Present Value (NPV) dan Internal Rate of Return dengan WACC 10 persen. Data mencakup 238 kapal petikemas dari 19 operator utama, data kedatangan-keberangkatan di 28 pelabuhan domestik, dan data kilang LNG eksisting. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan proyeksi demand LNG meningkat dari 56.257 ton pada tahun 2030 menjadi 320.623 ton pada tahun 2050. Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok dan Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak ditetapkan sebagai lokasi optimal. Kilang Donggi Senoro merupakan supplier tunggal dalam dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan LNG, dengan total biaya distribusi LNG pada tahun 2030-2050 sebesar Rp 2,835 (Triliun). Skema bunkering Port via Pipeline to Ship terpilih sebagai konfigurasi optimal dengan total CAPEX Rp 6,903 (Triliun) untuk kedua pelabuhan. Analisis kelayakan menunjukkan proyek pembangunan infrastruktur bunkering LNG tidak layak secara finansial dengan NPV dan IRR negatif, sehingga diperlukan intervensi signifikan berupa subsidi pemerintah, penyesuaian tarif LNG, dan restrukturisasi pembiayaan.
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Indonesia's maritime sector faces challenges in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in accordance with the Net Zero Emission target by 2050. The conversion of the domestic
container ship fleet to dual fuel engines using Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is one of the solutions being considered. This study analyzes the feasibility of developing LNG bunkeringinfrastructure at major Indonesian ports to support this conversion program. The research employs a threshold-based demand method to determine bunkering locations, optimization methods to determine optimal distribution costs, and financial feasibility analysis using Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) with a Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) of 10 percent. The data encompasses 238 container ships from 19 major operators, arrival-departure data at 28 domestic ports, and existing LNG plant data. The research findings indicate that LNG demand projection increases from 56,257 tons in 2030 to 320,623 tons in 2050. Tanjung Priok Port and Tanjung Perak Port are designated as optimal locations. Donggi Senoro Plant serves as the sole supplier for LNG requirements, with a total distribution cost from 2030 to 2050 of IDR 2.84 trillion. The Port via Pipeline to Ship bunkering scheme is selected as the optimal configuration with a total CAPEX of IDR 6.90 trillion for both ports. The feasibility analysis shows that the LNG bunkering infrastructure project is financially unviable with negative NPV and IRR, thus requiring significant interventions in theform of government subsidies, LNG tariff adjustments, and financing restructuring.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | lng bunkering, kapal petikemas, infrastruktur maritim, lng bunkekering, container ships, maritime infrastructure |
| Subjects: | V Naval Science > V Naval Science (General) V Naval Science > VK > VK570 Optimum ship routing. V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM276.A1 Fuel (Including supplies, costs, etc.) V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM293 Shipping--Indonesia--Safety measures V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM381 Passenger ships |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Transportation Engineering > 21207-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muhammad Bintang Arrohman |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Feb 2026 09:43 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Feb 2026 09:43 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/131813 |
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