Israil, Israil (2026) Modifikasi Struktur Kristal, Struktur Lokal, Dan Lingkungan Elektronik Zirkon (ZrSiO4) Akibat Doping Fe Dan Perlakuan Giling–Kalsinasi. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh doping Fe serta perlakuan giling dan kalsinasi terhadap struktur kristal, struktur lokal, dan lingkungan elektronik zirkon (ZrSiO4). Serbuk zirkon digiling dan dikalsinasi pada temperatur 900°C dengan variasi kandungan Fe, kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD–Rietveld, spektroskopi Raman, dan XPS. Hasil XRD menunjukkan bahwa parameter kisi zirkon relatif konstan pada seluruh sampel (a ≈ 6,508–6,512 Å, c ≈ 5,893–5,896 Å, dan V ≈ 249,6–250,1 Å3), menandakan tidak terjadinya substitusi Fe secara homogen pada kisi bulk. Namun, ukuran kristalit menurun dari 199 nm menjadi 94 nm akibat giling–kalsinasi, kemudian meningkat menjadi 118 nm dan 120 nm seiring bertambahnya kandungan Fe. Sementara itu, regangan tak seragam meningkat dan mencapai nilai maksimum sekitar 30 × 10-4 pada kandungan Fe yang lebih tinggi. Perubahan struktur kristal dan struktur lokal ini berkorelasi dengan hasil Raman, di mana pita khas zirkon pada sekitar 973 dan 1007 cm-1 mengalami pelebaran maksimum dan redshift kecil pada kandungan Fe menengah (1007,7 → 1006,9 cm-1), serta penyempitan puncak dan blueshift pada kandungan Fe lebih tinggi (hingga 1008,2 cm-1). Analisis XPS menunjukkan pergeseran sistematis energi ikat (binding energy) O 1s (530,8 → 530,3 eV), Zr 3d₅/₂ (185,0 → 184,7 eV), dan Si 2p3/2 (101,6 → 101,1 eV), serta terdeteksinya Fe sebagai Fe3+ (Fe 2p3/2 ≈ 711,4–711,6 eV). Pada kandungan Fe tertinggi, XRD juga mendeteksi terbentuknya fase sekunder Fe2O3 sekitar 4 wt%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa Fe berperan sebagai dopan yang memodifikasi struktur kristal, struktur lokal, dan lingkungan elektronik zirkon tanpa mengubah parameter kisi bulk secara signifikan.
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This study investigates the effects of Fe doping as well as milling and calcination treatments on the crystal structure, local structure, and electronic environment of zircon (ZrSiO4). Zircon powders were mechanically milled and calcined at 900 °C with varying Fe contents, followed by characterization using XRD–Rietveld refinement, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS. The XRD results show that the lattice parameters of zircon remain relatively constant for all samples (a ≈ 6.508–6.512 Å, c ≈ 5.893–5.896 Å, V ≈ 249.6–250.1 Å3), indicating the absence of homogeneous Fe substitution within the bulk lattice. However, the crystallite size decreases from 199 nm to 94 nm due to milling–calcination treatment, and subsequently increases to 118 nm and 120 nm with increasing Fe content. Meanwhile, the non-uniform microstrain increases and reaches a maximum value of approximately 30 × 10-4 at higher Fe contents. These changes in crystal and local structures correlate with the Raman results, where the characteristic zircon bands at ~973 and ~1007 cm-1 exhibit maximum broadening and a slight redshift at intermediate Fe content (1007.7 → 1006.9 cm-1), followed by peak narrowing and a blueshift at higher Fe content (up to 1008.2 cm-1). XPS analysis reveals systematic shifts in the binding energies of O 1s (530.8 → 530.3 eV), Zr 3d5/2 (185.0 → 184.7 eV), and Si 2p3/2 (101.6 → 101.1 eV), as well as the presence of Fe in the Fe3+ oxidation state (Fe 2p3/2 ≈ 711.4–711.6 eV). At the highest Fe content, XRD also detects the formation of a secondary Fe2O3 phase of approximately 4 wt%. These results indicate that Fe acts as a dopant that modifies the crystal structure, local structure, and electronic environment of zircon without significantly altering the bulk lattice parameters.
Keywords: zirconium silicate, doping, mechanical milling, solid solution (Zr,Fe)SiO4
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Zirkonium silikat, doping, mechanical milling, larutan padat (Zr,Fe)SiO4 zirconium silicate, doping, mechanical milling, solid solution (Zr,Fe)SiO4 |
| Subjects: | Q Science Q Science > QC Physics Q Science > QC Physics > QC100 Crystals. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Israil Israil |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Feb 2026 07:47 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Feb 2026 07:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/131814 |
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