Perancangan Sistem Pengaman High Voltage Pada Bus Listrik Di STP ITS

Pratama, Miracle Nathanael (2026) Perancangan Sistem Pengaman High Voltage Pada Bus Listrik Di STP ITS. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Perkembangan bus listrik sebagai transportasi publik ramah lingkungan menuntut penerapan sistem kelistrikan bertegangan tinggi (high voltage) yang aman dan andal. Sistem kelistrikan high voltage arus searah (DC) pada bus listrik memiliki potensi risiko berupa kebocoran arus, gangguan isolasi, dan bahaya sengatan listrik apabila tidak dilengkapi dengan sistem pengaman yang memadai. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan perancangan sistem pengaman high voltage yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan operasional dan standar keselamatan kendaraan listrik. Proyek akhir ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menganalisis sistem pengaman high voltage pada bus listrik yang beroperasi di Science Techno Park (STP) ITS. Metode yang digunakan meliputi studi literatur, observasi sistem kelistrikan bus listrik, perancangan konfigurasi baterai dan sistem pengaman, serta uji coba fungsional sistem. Sistem pengaman yang dirancang terdiri dari konfigurasi baterai lithium-ion, jalur perkabelan high voltage, sistem grounding, circuit breaker, DC voltmeter, serta Battery Management System (BMS) sebagai sistem proteksi utama. Hasil perancangan menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi baterai dengan susunan 30s2p pada setiap pack dan lima pack baterai yang dirangkai seri menghasilkan tegangan sistem sekitar ±555 VDC, yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan tegangan operasional bus listrik. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba fungsional, tegangan keluaran yang terbaca pada DC voltmeter berada pada kisaran ±555 VDC, menunjukkan bahwa sistem bekerja sesuai dengan perancangan. Battery Management System (BMS) mampu memantau tiga parameter utama, yaitu tegangan, arus, dan suhu baterai, serta memberikan proteksi terhadap empat kondisi tidak normal, yaitu overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, dan overtemperature. Selain itu, penerapan sistem grounding pada chassis bus berfungsi untuk menurunkan potensi tegangan sentuh selama pengoperasian sistem. Dengan demikian, sistem pengaman high voltage yang dirancang dan diuji secara fungsional ini mampu meningkatkan tingkat keselamatan dan keandalan operasional bus listrik di STP ITS serta dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam pengembangan sistem pengaman kendaraan listrik sejenis.
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The development of electric buses as environmentally friendly public transportation requires the implementation of a safe and reliable high-voltage electrical system. High-voltage direct current (DC) systems in electric buses pose potential risks such as current leakage, insulation failure, and electric shock hazards if not properly protected. Therefore, an appropriate high-voltage protection system is required to ensure operational safety and system reliability. This final project aims to design and analyze a high-voltage protection system for an electric bus operating at the Science Techno Park (STP) ITS. The methodology includes a literature study, observation of the electric bus electrical system, design of the battery configuration and protection system, and functional system testing. The designed protection system consists of a lithium-ion battery configuration, high-voltage wiring paths, a grounding system, circuit breakers, a DC voltmeter, and a Battery Management System (BMS) as the main protection device. The design results show that the battery configuration arranged in a 30s2p structure for each pack, with five battery packs connected in series, produces a system voltage of approximately ±555 VDC, which meets the operational voltage requirements of the electric bus. Based on the results of functional testing, the output voltage measured by the DC voltmeter was within the range of ±555 VDC, indicating that the system operates according to the design specifications. The Battery Management System (BMS) is capable of monitoring three main parameters, namely battery voltage, current, and temperature, and provides protection against four abnormal conditions, including overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature. In addition, the grounding system connected to the bus chassis functions to reduce potential touch voltage during system operation. Therefore, the designed and functionally tested high-voltage protection system is able to improve the safety and reliability of electric bus operation at STP ITS and can serve as a reference for the development of high- voltage protection systems in similar electric vehicles.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Battery Management System (BMS), Bus listrik, Grounding, High Voltage, Sistem Pengaman. Battery Management System (BMS), Electric Bus, Grounding, High Voltage, Protection System
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK152.A75 Electrical engineering--Safety measures T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2861 Electric relays. Protective relays--Security measures.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Miracle Nathanael Pratama
Date Deposited:	04 Feb 2026 07:33
Last Modified:	04 Feb 2026 07:33
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/132119

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