Pemilihan Alternatif Bahan Baku Dengan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Untuk Minimasi Biaya Produksi Pupuk Phosgreen

Hariyanto, Iksan (2026) Pemilihan Alternatif Bahan Baku Dengan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Untuk Minimasi Biaya Produksi Pupuk Phosgreen. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan biaya produksi pupuk fosfat merupakan isu strategis yang memengaruhi keberlanjutan operasional industri pupuk nasional, khususnya pada produksi pupuk Phosgreen di PT Petrokimia Gresik pasca penghapusan subsidi pupuk SP-36. Dominasi biaya bahan baku fosfat dalam struktur Harga Pokok Produksi (HPP) menimbulkan kebutuhan akan pemilihan alternatif bahan baku yang lebih efisien secara ekonomi tanpa mengorbankan kinerja teknis proses produksi. Penelitian ini mengkaji pemilihan alternatif bahan baku fosfat untuk meminimasi biaya produksi pupuk Phosgreen melalui pengembangan model pengambilan keputusan multikriteria berbasis Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Data penelitian diperoleh dari survei pendahuluan, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), serta kuesioner perbandingan berpasangan yang melibatkan pemangku kepentingan utama dari unit proses, pengadaan, dan pengendalian kualitas. Model keputusan dibangun melalui penetapan dan pengembangan kriteria serta sub-kriteria yang merepresentasikan aspek biaya, kualitas, ketersediaan pasokan, fleksibilitas operasional, dan dampak lingkungan, dengan mempertimbangkan keterbatasan data operasional aktual di industri pupuk fosfat. Analisis dilakukan dengan menghitung bobot prioritas, menguji konsistensi penilaian, serta melakukan analisis sensitivitas melalui variasi bobot kriteria biaya untuk mengevaluasi stabilitas hasil pemeringkatan alternatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kriteria biaya memiliki tingkat kepentingan tertinggi, diikuti oleh kriteria kualitas dan ketersediaan pasokan, dengan ROP Sludge sebagai alternatif bahan baku yang memiliki prioritas global tertinggi dibandingkan Rock Phosphate Mesir, Rock Phosphate Yordania, dan Phosphate Rock lokal. Kontribusi utama penelitian ini terletak pada pengembangan struktur kriteria dan sub-kriteria AHP yang kontekstual terhadap karakteristik industri pupuk fosfat, integrasi penilaian multi-pemangku kepentingan, serta penerapan analisis sensitivitas sebagai mekanisme validasi robustitas keputusan, sehingga model yang dihasilkan dapat menjadi dasar kuantitatif dalam perumusan strategi pengadaan bahan baku yang lebih efisien dan berkelanjutan.
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The escalation of production costs in phosphate-based fertilizers has become a strategic issue affecting the operational sustainability of the fertilizer industry, particularly in the production of Phosgreen fertilizer at PT Petrokimia Gresik following the removal of SP-36 fertilizer subsidies. The dominance of phosphate raw material costs in the structure of production costs necessitates a systematic selection of alternative raw materials that are economically efficient while maintaining technical process performance. This study examines the selection of alternative phosphate raw materials to minimize Phosgreen fertilizer production costs through the development of a multi-criteria decision-making model based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Research data were obtained through preliminary surveys, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), and pairwise comparison questionnaires involving key stakeholders from process engineering, procurement, and quality control units. The decision model was constructed by developing context-specific criteria and sub-criteria representing cost, material quality, supply availability, operational flexibility, and environmental considerations, while accounting for limitations in operational data commonly encountered in the phosphate fertilizer industry. The analysis involved priority weight estimation, consistency ratio evaluation, and sensitivity analysis through variations in the cost criterion weight to assess the stability of alternative rankings. The results indicate that cost is the most influential criterion, followed by quality and supply availability, with ROP Sludge identified as the alternative with the highest global priority compared to Egyptian Rock Phosphate, Jordanian Rock Phosphate, and local Phosphate Rock. The primary contribution of this research lies in the development of an AHP-based decision structure tailored to the characteristics of the phosphate fertilizer industry, the integration of multi-stakeholder expert judgment, and the application of sensitivity analysis as a robustness validation mechanism, providing a quantitative basis for strategic raw material procurement decisions aimed at improving cost efficiency and operational sustainability.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	pemilihan bahan baku, pupuk fosfat, minimasi biaya produksi, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), pengambilan keputusan multikriteria, raw material selection, phosphate fertilizer, production cost minimization, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), multi-criteria decision-making
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD30.23 Decision making. Business requirements analysis.
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 61101-Master of Technology Management (MMT)
Depositing User:	Iksan Hariyanto
Date Deposited:	05 Feb 2026 06:48
Last Modified:	05 Feb 2026 06:48
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/132178

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