Rancang Bangun Sistem Kontrol Loop Tertutup Untuk Pengurangan Emisi Gas CO₂ Dari Pembakaran Sampah Menggunakan Proses Catalytic

Al Gifary, Muhammad Tsabit (2026) Rancang Bangun Sistem Kontrol Loop Tertutup Untuk Pengurangan Emisi Gas CO₂ Dari Pembakaran Sampah Menggunakan Proses Catalytic. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Emisi karbon dioksida (CO₂) yang dihasilkan dari pembakaran sampah menjadi salah satu penyebab utama pencemaran udara dan perubahan iklim global. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, penelitian ini merancang dan mengembangkan sistem kontrol loop tertutup untuk mengoptimalkan proses catalytic (katalitik) dalam mengurangi emisi CO₂ dari proses pembakaran sampah. Sistem ini menggunakan sensor MQ-135 untuk mendeteksi kadar CO₂ secara real-time untuk mengontrol kondisi operasional catalytic. Dengan menggunakan Closed Loop Control (kontrol loop tertutup), sistem ini dapat menyesuaikan aliran udara agar reaksi katalitik dapat berlangsung secara optimal. Pengujian dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas sistem dalam menurunkan kadar CO₂. Pengujian dilakukan dengan membandingkan konsentrasi CO₂ sebelum filtrasi (before)
dan sesudah filtrasi (after). Hasil validasi sensor menunjukkan nilai error persentase berada pada rentang 0,19%–1,17%, dengan koefisien determinasi regresi linier sebesar R² = 0,948, yang menandakan korelasi kuat antara sensor dan alat validator. Pada pengujian sistem secara keseluruhan, konsentrasi CO₂ sebelum filtrasi berada pada kisaran 482–549 ppm, sedangkan setelah filtrasi menurun hingga kisaran 300–450 ppm, atau mengalami penurunan lebih dari 30% pada kondisi asap tebal. Sistem kontrol loop tertutup mampu menyesuaikan kerja pompa secara otomatis berdasarkan nilai setpoint, sehingga proses filtrasi berlangsung lebih stabil dan efisien. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi proses katalitik dengan sistem kontrol loop tertutup efektif dalam menurunkan emisi CO₂ dari pembakaran sampah dan berpotensi diterapkan sebagai solusi pengendalian emisi gas buang yang ramah lingkungan.
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Carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from waste combustion are a major contributor to air pollution and global climate change. To address this issue, this study designs and develops a closed-loop control system to optimize the catalytic in reducing CO₂ emissions from waste combustion processes. This system utilizes the MQ-135 sensor to detect CO₂ levels in real time, along with a gas sensor to regulate the operational conditions of the catalytic process. By integrating a microcontroller-based closed-loop control system, it dynamically adjusts airflow and combustion to enhance catalytic reactions. Testing was conducted on a
laboratory scale by comparing CO₂ concentrations before and after filtration. The sensor validation results showed a percentage error value in the range of 0.19%–1.17%, with a
linear regression coefficient of determination of R² = 0.948, indicating a strong correlation between the sensor and the validator tool. In the overall system test, the CO₂ concentration before filtration was in the range of 482–549 ppm, while after filtration it decreased to the range of 300–450 ppm, or a decrease of more than 30% in thick smoke conditions. The closed-loop control system is able to automatically adjust the pump operation based on the
setpoint value, so that the filtration process is more stable and efficient. The results of this study indicate that the integration of the catalytic process with a closed-loop control system is effective in reducing CO₂ emissions from waste combustion and has the potential to be implemented as an environmentally friendly exhaust gas emission control solution.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Emisi CO₂, proses catalytic, sistem kontrol loop tertutup, sensor MQ-135, pengurangan emisi.
Subjects:	Q Science > QA Mathematics T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD899 Waste control in special industries, plants, processes, etc
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Instrumentation Engineering
Depositing User:	Muhammad Tsabit Al Gifary
Date Deposited:	06 Apr 2026 08:56
Last Modified:	06 Apr 2026 08:58
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/132758

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