Analisis Skenario Implementasi Regulasi Pajak Karbon Dan Pengaruhnya Pada Daya Saing Pelayaran Domestik Di Indonesia

Wijaya, Dharu Kasindar (2022) Analisis Skenario Implementasi Regulasi Pajak Karbon Dan Pengaruhnya Pada Daya Saing Pelayaran Domestik Di Indonesia. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan volume emisi karbon pada sektor pelayaran domestik di Indonesia meningkat dikarenakan adanya pertumbuhan armada kapal sebesar 8,56% setiap tahunnya dan menyumbang emisi karbon dunia. Adanya peningkatan emisi karbon tersebut mendorong berbagai negara untuk mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca sesuai dengan Persetujuan Paris pada tahun 2016. Salah satu instrumen pengendali perubahan iklim tersebut adalah pajak karbon. Namun, dalam penerapan pajak karbon memberikan dampak pada sektor pelayaran karena terdapat penambahan biaya atas emisi karbon saat kapal beroperasi. Dalam penelitian ini meninjau dampak yang diberikan pajak karbon pada sektor pelayaran domestik dan skenario terbaik pajak karbon untuk menekan emisi karbon. Didapatkan dua skenario implemantasi pajak karbon di sektor pelayaran yaitu pure dan cap. Pada penerapan skenario pajak karbon tersebut didapat adanya penambahan biaya atas emisi karbon rata-rata sebesar Rp. 494.380.000/kapal dan rata-rata kenaikan biaya sebesar 0,30% untuk skenario pure. Sedangkan untuk skenario cap ada penambahan biaya atas emisi karbon rata-rata sebesar Rp 244.410.000/kapal dan rata-rata kenaikan biaya sebesar 0,15%. Penambahan biaya tersebut mengakibatkan tarif atas jasa pelayaran meningkat dan menyebabkan penurunan atas permintaan sebesar 0,07% untuk skema pure dan 0,03% untuk skema cap. Rekomendasi untuk implementasi pajak karbon di Indonesia dapat menggunakan skenario pure karena dapat menekan volume emisi karbon yang dihasilkan kapal melalui penggunaan bahan bakar.
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The increase of volume carbon emissions on domestic shipping sector in Indonesia is increasing due to the growth of the fleet of ships by 8.56% annually and contributes to world carbon emissions. The increase in carbon emissions has encouraged various countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in according with the Paris Agreement in 2016. One of the instruments for controlling climate change is the carbon tax. However, the implementation of the carbon tax has an impact on the shipping sector because there are additional costs for carbon emissions when the ship is operating. In this study, we review the impact of a carbon tax on the domestic shipping sector and the best scenario for a carbon tax to reduce carbon emissions. There are two scenarios for implementing the carbon tax in the shipping sector, namely pure and cap. In the implementation of the carbon tax scenario, it is found that there is an additional cost of carbon emissions by an average of Rp. 494.380.000/ship and the average cost increase is 0,30% for the pure scenario. Meanwhile, for the cap scenario, there is an additional cost of carbon emissions by an average of Rp. 244.410.000/ship and an average increase of 0,15% in costs. This additional cost resulted in an increase in tariffs for shipping services and caused a decrease in demand by 0.07% for the pure scheme and 0.03% for the cap scheme. Recommendations for the implementation of a carbon tax in Indonesia can use the pure scenario because it is seen that it can reduce the volume of carbon emissions produced by ships through the use of fuel.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Additional Information:	RSTrL 387.506 8 Wij a-1 2025
Uncontrolled Keywords:	emisi karbon, pajak karbon, elastisitas permintaan, pelayaran domestik, Energy Efficiency Design Index, carbon emission, carbon tax, demand elasticity, domestic shipping, Energy Efficiency Design Index
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE564.A1 Shipping
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Sea Transportation Engineering > 21207-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Mr. Marsudiyana -
Date Deposited:	21 Apr 2026 06:35
Last Modified:	21 Apr 2026 06:35
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/132840

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