Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga Terenkapsulasi Natrium Alginat Sebagai Aditif Pada Kue Lumpur.

Zuhroh, Saniyatuz (2022) Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga Terenkapsulasi Natrium Alginat Sebagai Aditif Pada Kue Lumpur. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kulit buah naga mengandung senyawa-senyawa bioaktif seperti flavonoid, fenolat, dan betalain yang memiliki aktivitas farmakologi, salah satunya antioksidan. Pada penelitian ini dipelajari pengaruh penambahan ekstrak kulit buah naga terenkapsulasi natrium alginat sebagai zat aditif pada kue lumpur. Kulit buah naga diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut isopropil alkohol dengan variasi perbandingan serbuk dan pelarut (1:50 dan 1:10) dan variasi waktu perendaman (30, 45, dan 60 menit). Hasil kandungan senyawa bioaktif optimum terdapat pada variasi 1:50 dengan waktu perendaman 30 menit dengan kandungan fenolat sebesar 254,13 ± 2,04 μg AGE/g dan kandungan betasianin sebesar 48.203,20 ± 284,23 μg BE/g. Aktivitas antioksidan optimum (85,38%) didapatkan pada variasi 1:10 dengan waktu perendaman 30 menit. Ekstrak dengan kandungan antioksidan tertinggi dipilih untuk dienkapsulasi menggunakan natrium alginat. Enkapsulasi dilakukan menggunakan metode nanoemulsi. Hasil enkapsulasi difortifikasi pada kue lumpur dengan variasi penambahan 2,5 gram dan 5 gram ekstrak terenkapsulasi dan dievaluasi kandungan fenolat, betasianin, dan antioksidan. Hasil fortifikasi optimum didapatkan pada penambahan 5 gram ekstrak terenkapsulasi dengan kandungan fenolat, betasianin, dan aktivitas antioksidan berturut turut sebesar 7,95 ± 0,01 μg AGE/g, 10,32 ± 0,77 μg BE/g, dan 51,56%. Hasil uji organoleptik pada parameter uji warna, tekstur, dan rasa memperlihatkan hasil bahwa panelis menyukai variasi penambahan 5 gram ekstrak terenkapsulasi dan pada parameter uji aroma panelis menyukai variasi penambahan 2,5 gram ekstrak terenkapsulasi. Pada uji kapang didapatkan perbedaan awal mula pertumbuhan kapang. Pada kue lumpur kontrol kapang tumbuh pada hari ke-3 sedangkan pada variasi penambahan 2,5 gram dan 5 gram ekstrak kapang tumbuh pada hari ke-4. Pengamatan dilakukan hingga hari ke-10. Dari ciri-cirinya diamati jenis kapang yang tumbuh adalah Aspergilus sp.
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Dragon fruit peel contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, phenolics, and betalains which have pharmacological activity, one of which is antioxidants. The addition effect of fruit peel extract encapsulated in sodium alginate as an additive to the mud cake was studied. Dragon fruit peel was extracted using isopropyl alcohol with variation of powder:solvent ratio(1:50 and 1:10) and immersion time (30, 45, and 60 minutes). The optimum content of phenolics and betacyanin were found at a variation of 1:50 with an immersion time of 30 minutes as much as 254,13 ± 2,04 g AGE/g 48.203,20 ± 284,23 g BE/g, respectively. Optimum antioxidant activity (85,38%) was obtained at a variation of 1:10 with 30 minutes of immersion time. Extract with the highest antioxidant activity was selected to be encapsulated using sodium alginate. Encapsulation was carried out using the nanoemulsion method. The results of the encapsulation were fortified in mud cakes (2,5 grams and 5 grams) and evaluated for the content of phenolics, betacyanins, and antioxidants. Optimum fortification results were obtained by addition of 5 grams of encapsulated extract with phenolic content, betacyanin, and antioxidant activity 7,95 ± 0,01 g AGE/g, 10,32 ± 0,77 g BE/g, and 51,56%, respectively. The results of the organoleptic test on the color, texture, and taste parameters showed that the panelists prefer the variation of the addition of 5 grams of encapsulated extract than others. For aroma parameter,the panelists prefer the variation of the addition of 2,5 grams of encapsulated extract. It was found that there were differences in the initial growth of molds. In the control mud cake, the mold grew on the 3rd day, while in other variation, it grew on the 4th day. Observations were made until the 10th day. Depend on the characteristics observed, the type of mold grows is Aspergilus sp.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Additional Information:	RSKi 613.286 Zuh a-1 2022
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kulit buah naga, Antioksidan, Enkapsulasi, Natrium alginat. Dragon fruit peel, Antioxidant, Encapsulation, Sodium alginate.
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63 Extraction
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Mr. Marsudiyana -
Date Deposited:	07 May 2026 01:30
Last Modified:	08 May 2026 01:42
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/133029

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