Kajian Risiko Ikan Introduksi Non Native Terhadap Ekosistem Di Ranu Grati Pasuruan

Juniansah, Shafa Rani (2022) Kajian Risiko Ikan Introduksi Non Native Terhadap Ekosistem Di Ranu Grati Pasuruan. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Introduksi ikan biasanya dilakukan untuk berbagai kebutuhan, diantaranya pengelolaan perikanan, budidaya dan produksi tambak, kebutuhan untuk mengisi relung ekologi yang kosong, maupun menyediakan objek baru untuk olahraga memancing. Namun, tanpa disadari introduksi ikan menghadirkan berbagai dampak negatif bagi ekosistem, seperti menyebabkan hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati, mengubah struktur habitat, menyebarkan penyakit, hingga menyebabkan kematian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji risiko introduksi ikan khususnya terhadap Gobiopterus sp. sebagai spesies asli ekosistem Ranu Grati. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama bulan Januari 2022 hingga bulan April 2022. Lokasi penelitian terletak di Ranu Grati, Pasuruan, Jawa Timur. Observasi dilakukan dengan pengamatan pada lima titik di Ranu Grati untuk mengetahui persebaran spesies ikan. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan melakukan percobaan penangkapan ikan menggunakan jaring insang, jala tebar, rumpon, dan alat pancing karena menyesuaikan morfologi ikan yang akan ditangkap. Kombinasi alat tersebut ditujukan untuk memperbesar frekuensi tertangkapnya beragam jenis ikan sehingga didapatkan data yang akurat mengenai jenis dan jumlah spesies ikan. Identifikasi dilakukan dengan mengamati morfologi luar ikan dan studi literatur. Data yang dianalisis adalah data kuantitatif-kualitatif (mixed method) menggunakan Freshwater Fish Risk Assessment Model (FRAM) dengan sistem skoring. Analisis data tersebut memberikan hasil berupa skor risiko pembentukan populasi spesies dan skor risiko dampak. Pada Louhan didapatkan skor risiko pembentukan populasi sebesar 14 dan skor risiko dampak sebesar 47. Pada Mujair didapatkan skor risiko pembentukan populasi sebesar 15 dan skor risiko dampak sebesar 52. Pada Nila didapatkan skor risiko pembentukan populasi sebesar 14 dan skor risiko dampak sebesar 53. Pada Patin siam didapatkan skor pembentukan populasi sebesar 13 dan skor risiko dampak sebesar 48. Pada Jaguar cichlid didapatkan skor pembentukan populasi sebesar 15 dan skor risiko dampak sebesar 42. Berdasarkan skor tersebut ikan Louhan, Mujair, Nila, Patin siam, maupun Jaguar cichlid termasuk spesies dengan kategori risiko yang tinggi. Spesies ikan introduksi seperti Louhan, Mujair, Nila, Patin siam, dan Jaguar cichlid terbukti mampu beradaptasi terhadap ekosistem, bereproduksi, melakukan penyebaran, menoleransi adanya perubahan lingkungan dan memberikan dampak langsung terhadap ekosistem khususnya spesies ikan lokal. Louhan dan Jaguar cichlid menyebabkan penurunan populasi pada Gobiopterus sp. dari 3,1 kg pada Februari 2021 menjadi 0,586 kg pada Februari 2022. Mujair dan Nila dapat merusak tumbuhan akuatik karena perilaku makan agresif dan rakus. Keberadaan Patin.
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The introduction of fish is usually carried out for various needs, including fisheries management, aquaculture and pond production, the need to fill empty ecological niches, or provide new objects for sport fishing. However, unwittingly introducing fish brings various negative impacts to the ecosystem, such as causing biodiversity, changing habitats, spreading disease, and causing death. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of introducing fish, especially to Gobiopterus sp. as a native species of the Ranu Grati ecosystem. The research was conducted from January 2022 to April 2022. The research location is located in Ranu Grati, Pasuruan, East Java. Observations were made by observing five points in Ranu Grati to determine the distribution of fish species. Data collection was carried out by conducting fishing experiments using gill nets, stocking nets, fish aggregating device, and fishing rods because they adjusted the morphology of the fish to be caught. This combination tool is intended to increase the catch of various types of fish in order to obtain accurate data on the types and numbers of fish species. Identification is done by observing the external morphology of the fish and literature studies. The data analyzed is quantitative-qualitative data (mixed method) using the Freshwater Fish Risk Assessment Model (FRAM) with a scoring system. Analysis of the data provides results in the form of an establishment risk score and an impact risk score. In Louhan, the risk score for an establishment risk score is 14 and the the risk score for impact is 47. In Mujair, the risk score for an establishment risk score is 15 and the risk score for impact is 52. In Nila, the risk score for an establishment risk score is 14 and the risk score for impact is 53. In Siamese catfish, the risk score for an establishment risk score is 13 and the risk score for impact is 48. In Jaguar cichlid, the risk score for an establishment risk score is 15 and the risk score for impact is 42. Based on this score, Louhan fish, Mujair, Nile tilapia, Siamese catfish, and Jaguar cichlids are species with the high risk category. Introduced fish species such as Louhan, Mujair, Nile tilapia, Siamese catfish, and Jaguar cichlid are able to adapt to the ecosystem, reproduce, spread, tolerate environmental, changes, and have a direct impact to the ecosystem, especially on local fish species. Flowerhorn and Jaguar cichlid caused population decline in Gobiopterus sp. from 3,1 kg in February 2021 to 0,586 kg in February 2022. Mujair and Nile tilapia can damage aquatic plants because of their aggressive and voracious eating behavior. Siamese catfish can also threaten native species by becoming competitors for food and habitat.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Additional Information:	RSBi 639.2 Jun k-1 2022
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Introduksi ikan, Ranu Grati, Risiko Dampak, Risiko Introduksi, Risiko Pembentukan Populasi. Establishment risk score, Fish introduction, Impact risk score, Introduction Risk, Ranu Grati.
Subjects:	Q Science > QL Zoology > QL639.1 Fishes--Growth.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Mr. Marsudiyana -
Date Deposited:	07 May 2026 06:50
Last Modified:	08 May 2026 01:02
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/133049

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