Samosir, Windy Lusia Samosir (2026) Integrasi Cost Neutral Hydrogen Price (CNHP) Dan Decarbonization Gradient (DG) Dalam Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA) Co-Firing Hidrogen Hijau Pada PLTGU Tanjung Uncang (Batam–Bintan). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Transisi energi menuju target Net Zero Emissions Indonesia 2060 mendorong pengembangan strategi dekarbonisasi pada pembangkit berbasis fosil, termasuk green hydrogen co-firing pada PLTGU. Teknologi ini berpotensi menggantikan sebagian gas alam tanpa mengganti seluruh infrastruktur pembangkit, tetapi masih menghadapi tantangan teknis dan ekonomi, seperti stabilitas operasi turbin gas, batasan emisi, kebutuhan modifikasi sistem, dan tingginya biaya hidrogen hijau. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi kelayakan teknis dan ekonomis green hydrogen co-firing pada PLTGU Tanjung Uncang, Batam, menggunakan pendekatan Cost Neutral Hydrogen Price (CNHP) dan Decarbonization Gradient (DG). Analisis dilakukan pada dua jalur penyediaan hidrogen, yaitu elektrolisis berbasis PLTS off-grid dan elektrolisis grid-connected dengan dukungan Renewable Energy Certificates (REC). Kajian mencakup skenario pencampuran hidrogen, batasan operasional pembangkit, biaya produksi hidrogen, dan penurunan emisi karbon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa co-firing hidrogen layak secara teknis pada tingkat pencampuran tertentu, tetapi peningkatan fraksi hidrogen menurunkan fleksibilitas operasi akibat risiko flashback, keterbatasan emisi NOx, dan kebutuhan modifikasi peralatan. Secara ekonomi, CNHP berada pada kisaran USD 1.703,66–1.727,80 per ton H₂ atau sekitar 2,4 kali harga gas alam, sedangkan Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) aktual masih jauh lebih tinggi, yaitu USD 6.369–10.064 per ton H₂. Nilai DG sebesar USD 642–1.260 per ton CO₂ juga jauh melampaui Social Cost of Carbon sebesar USD 3,35 per ton CO₂. Dengan demikian, green hydrogen co-firing layak secara teknis, tetapi belum ekonomis pada kondisi saat ini. Kontribusi penelitian ini adalah integrasi CNHP dan DG sebagai kerangka evaluasi batas keekonomian dan efektivitas biaya dekarbonisasi green hydrogen co-firing pada PLTGU. Secara manajerial, hasil penelitian dapat menjadi dasar penentuan prioritas investasi, batas harga hidrogen yang layak, dan tahapan implementasi co-firing. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan mengkaji pemanfaatan hidrogen pada sektor transportasi, mobilitas, dan industri.
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The energy transition toward Indonesia’s 2060 Net Zero Emissions target encourages decarbonization strategies for fossil-based power plants, including green hydrogen co-firing in combined cycle gas turbine power plants (CCGT). This technology can partially replace Natural Gas without requiring a complete replacement of existing infrastructure, but it still faces technical and economic challenges, such as gas turbine operational stability, emission limits, system modification requirements, and high green hydrogen production costs. This study evaluates the technical and economic feasibility of green hydrogen co-firing at the Tanjung Uncang CCGT Power Plant in Batam using the Cost Neutral Hydrogen Price (CNHP) and Decarbonization Gradient (DG) approaches. Two hydrogen supply pathways are assessed: off-grid solar PV-based electrolysis and grid-connected electrolysis supported by Renewable Energy Certificates (REC). The analysis covers hydrogen Blending scenarios, operational constraints, hydrogen production costs, and carbon emission Reduction. The results show that hydrogen co-firing is technically feasible at certain Blending levels, but higher hydrogen fractions reduce operational flexibility due to flashback risk, NOx emission constraints, and equipment modification requirements. Economically, the estimated CNHP ranges from USD 1,703.66 to USD 1,727.80 per ton of H₂, or approximately 2.4 times the Natural Gas price while the actual Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) remains much higher, ranging from USD 6,369 to USD 10,064 per ton H₂. The DG value of USD 642–1,260 per ton CO₂ also far exceeds the Social Cost of Carbon benchmark of USD 3.35 per ton CO₂. Therefore, green hydrogen co-firing is technically feasible but not yet economically viable under current conditions. The main contribution of this study is the integration of CNHP and DG as an evaluation framework to assess the economic threshold and cost-effectiveness of green hydrogen co-firing decarbonization in CCGT power plants. From a managerial perspective, the findings can support investment prioritization, feasible hydrogen price determination, and phased co-firing implementation planning. Future studies are recommended to examine hydrogen use in transportation, mobility, and industrial sectors.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | hidrogen hijau, co-firing hidrogen, PLTGU, harga hidrogen netral biaya, gradien dekarbonisasi, Green hydrogen, hydrogen co-firing, combined cycle gas turbine, cost neutral hydrogen price, Decarbonization Gradient |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ778 Gas turbines T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Mrs Windy Lusia Samosir |
| Date Deposited: | 21 May 2026 02:25 |
| Last Modified: | 21 May 2026 02:25 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/133243 |
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