Pengembangan Material Hibrida Fe3o4/Karbon Sferis Berbasis Mineral Lokal Indonesia: Kajian Struktur Dan Sifat Magnetik

Islam, Muhammad Nasroh Saiful (2026) Pengembangan Material Hibrida Fe3o4/Karbon Sferis Berbasis Mineral Lokal Indonesia: Kajian Struktur Dan Sifat Magnetik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Magnetoresistansi merupakan perubahan resistivitas listrik suatu material sebagai respons terhadap keberadaan medan magnet eksternal, di mana pengembangannya saat ini masih didominasi oleh bahan sintetis yang membutuhkan biaya produksi mahal dan proses fabrikasi yang kompleks. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis prosedur sintesis material komposit inti-cangkang Fe3O4/Karbon sferis dengan memanfaatkan potensi sumber daya alam lokal Indonesia secara strategis, serta untuk mengetahui karakteristik struktural, morfologi, komposisi, dan sifat kemagnetannya. Struktur inti Fe3O4 disintesis dari pasir besi alami menggunakan metode kopresipitasi. Kemudian, pembentukan karbon sferis dari tuak sekaligus penyatuan komposit dilakukan melalui metode karbonisasi hidrotermal di dalam autoklaf pada temperatur 180°C selama 12 jam. Pengujian karakterisasi XRD dan TEM menunjukkan kristal magnetit berukuran sekitar 11,08 nm berhasil tertanam di dalam selubung karbon amorf berbentuk sferis yang mampu mencegah aglomerasi partikel. Sedangkan hasil pengujian SEM-EDX menunjukkan keberadaan serta distribusi unsur karbon, oksigen, dan besi yang terintegrasi. Secara sifat kemagnetan yang dievaluasi menggunakan magnetometer SQUID, komposit menunjukkan penurunan magnetisasi saturasi menjadi 10,237 emu/g akibat keberadaan cangkang karbon sferis yang mendominasi dan bersifat non-magnetik. Namun, struktur inti-cangkang tersebut mampu meningkatkan resistensi material terhadap proses demagnetisasi, yang ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan nilai koersivitas hingga mencapai 90 Oe pada temperatur pengujian 100 K. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan material komposit Fe3O4/karbon sferis yang bersumber dari mineral lokal berpotensi untuk diaplikasikan sebagai alternatif material penyusun sensor magnetoresistansi yang lebih efisien dan ekonomis.
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Magnetoresistance is the change in electrical resistivity of a material in response to the presence of an external magnetic field, where its development is currently still dominated by synthetic materials that require expensive production costs and complex fabrication processes. To address this issue, this research aims to analyze the synthesis methode of core-Shell Fe3O4/Carbon sphere composite materials by strategically utilizing the potential of Indonesia's local natural resources, as well as to determine their structural, morphological, compositional, and magnetic properties. The core structure of Fe3O4 was synthesized from natural iron sand using the coprecipitation method. Then, the formation of Carbon sphere from the precursor the unification of the composite were carried out thru the hydrothermal carbonization method in an autoclave at a temperature of 180°C for 12 hours. XRD and TEM characterization tests show that magnetite crystals measuring approximately 11.08 nm were successfully embedded within an amorphous carbon shell in a spherical shape, which is capable of preventing particle agglomeration. Meanwhile, the results of the SEM-EDX tests show the presence and distribution of integrated carbon, oxygen, and iron elements. In terms of magnetic properties evaluated using SQUID magnetometer, the composite shows a decrease in saturation magnetization to 10,237 emu/g due to the presence of a dominant and non-magnetic Carbon sphere shell. However, the core-shell structure is capable of enhancing the material's resistance to the demagnetization process, as indicated by the increase in coercivity value up to 90 Oe at a testing temperature of 100 K. These results suggest that the Fe3O4/Carbon sphere composite material sourced from local minerals has the potential to be applied as an alternative material for constructing more efficient and economical magnetoresistance sensors.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Hidrotermal, Karbon sferis, Kopresipitasi, Magnetit, Magnetoresistansi, Carbon Sphere, Coprecipitation, Hydrothermal, Magnetite, Magnetoresistance.
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics > QC173.4.C63 Composite materials Q Science > QC Physics > QC765 Magnetic materials
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Nasroh Muhammad Nasroh Saiful Islam
Date Deposited:	02 Jul 2026 08:57
Last Modified:	02 Jul 2026 08:57
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/134215

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