Prasetya, Rizky Andhika (2026) Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Elektrolit Dan Waktu Perendaman Terhadap kekerasan, Ketebalan Lapisan Dan Laju Korosi Aluminium 5052 Pada Proses Anodizing. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Aluminium AA 5052 merupakan salah satu paduan aluminium yang banyak digunakan pada berbagai aplikasi industri karena memiliki massa jenis rendah, ketahanan korosi yang baik, kekuatan mekanik yang cukup tinggi, serta kemudahan dalam proses manufaktur. Meskipun demikian, pada kondisilingkungan yang agresif atau aplikasi yang memerlukan ketahanan permukaan lebih tinggi, aluminium masih memerlukan perlakuan permukaan untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanik dan ketahanan korosinya. Salah satu metode yang banyak digunakan adalah proses anodizing, yaitu proses elektrokimia yang membentuk lapisan oksida pada permukaan aluminium sehingga mampu meningkatkan kekerasan permukaan, ketebalan lapisan, dan ketahanan terhadap korosi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi elektrolit dan waktu anodizing terhadap ketebalan lapisan, kekerasan permukaan, dan laju korosi aluminium AA 5052. Proses anodizing dilakukan menggunakan larutan asam sulfat (H₂SO₄) dengan variasi konsentrasi elektrolit sebesar 15% dan 20%, serta variasi waktu anodizing selama 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 30 menit. Karakterisasi hasil anodizing dilakukan melalui pengujian ketebalan lapisan menggunakan coating thickness gauge, pengujian kekerasan menggunakan Micro Vickers Hardness Test, dan pengujian laju korosi menggunakan metode weight loss. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan waktu anodizing cenderung meningkatkan ketebalan lapisan oksida yang terbentuk. Ketebalan lapisan tertinggi sebesar 24,46 µm diperoleh pada konsentrasi elektrolit 20% dengan waktu anodizing 30 menit. Nilai kekerasan maksimum sebesar 70,8 HVN diperoleh pada konsentrasi 20% selama 15 menit, sedangkan laju korosi terendah sebesar 194,29 mm/tahun diperoleh pada konsentrasi 20% selama 25 menit. Secara keseluruhan, peningkatan ketebalan lapisan oksida cenderung menurunkan laju korosi, sehingga konsentrasi elektrolit 20% memberikan performa anodizing yang lebih baik dibandingkan konsentrasi 15% dalam meningkatkan karakteristik permukaan aluminium AA 5052
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Aluminum AA 5052 is widely used in various industrial applications due to its low density, good corrosion resistance, adequate mechanical strength, and excellent
manufacturability. However, under aggressive environmental conditions or applications requiring enhanced surface performance, additional surface treatment is necessary to improve its hardness and corrosion resistance. One of the most widely applied surface treatment methods is anodizing, an electrochemical process that forms a controlled oxide layer on the aluminum surface, thereby enhancing surface hardness, coating thickness, and corrosion resistance. This study aims to investigate the effect of electrolyte concentration and anodizing time on the coating thickness, surface hardness, and corrosion rate of AA 5052 aluminum. The anodizing process was carried out using sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) electrolyte with concentrations of 15% and 20%, while the anodizing time was varied at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes. The anodized specimens were characterized through coating thickness measurements using a coating thickness gauge, surface hardness testing using a Micro Vickers Hardness Tester, and corrosion rate evaluation using the weight loss method. The results indicate that increasing the anodizing time generally increases the thickness of the oxide layer. The maximum coating thickness of 24.46 µm was obtained using a 20% electrolyte concentration with an anodizing time of 30 minutes. The highest surface hardness of 70.8 HVN was achieved at a 20% electrolyte concentration with an anodizing time of 15 minutes, while the lowest corrosion rate of 194.29 mm/year was obtained at a 20% electrolyte concentration with an anodizing time of 25 minutes. Overall, the increase in oxide layer thickness tended to reduce the corrosion rate, indicating that the 20% electrolyte concentration provided better anodizing performance than the 15% concentration in improving the surface characteristics of AA 5052 aluminum
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