Rianto, Agus (2026) Simulasi Perancangan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) untuk Optimalisasi Efisiensi Energi melalui Self Consumption, Reduksi Pajak, dan Perdagangan Karbon pada PT XYZ. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Komitmen Indonesia terhadap Paris Agreement (NDC 31,89% secara mandiri, 2030, NZE 2060) mendorong penerapan Nilai Ekonomi Karbon melalui pajak dan perdagangan karbon sehingga industri nonprioritas menghadapi perluasan regulasi, persyaratan rantai pasok, dan persyaratan emisi dalam pembiayaan hijau. Penelitian ini mengkaji PT XYZ dengan tujuan: (1) mengidentifikasi emisi scope 1 dan 2; (2) menyusun strategi fiskal menghadapi pajak dan perdagangan karbon; serta (3) mengevaluasi dampak finansial dekarbonisasi melalui inventarisasi emisi, simulasi PLTS, analisis finansial terintegrasi karbon, dan analisis risiko menggunakan Monte Carlo serta Sobol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan emisi awal sebesar 193,4175 ton CO2e didominasi oleh scope 2 sebesar 99,47% dari konsumsi listrikk 221.150 kWh/tahun. PLTS 138,24 kWp menghasilkan LCOE Rp546,69/kWh dibandingkan dengan tarifk PLN Rp1.444,70/kWh, serta menurunkan emisi CO2e sekitar 81,38 ton/tahun. Pembiayaan 50:50 antara ekuitas dann pinjaman menghasilkan NPV Rp402,71 juta, IRR 24,60%, PBP 8,9 tahun, dan ROI 73,6%. Simulasi Monte Carlo menunjukkan NPV etap positif, sedangkan analisis sobol mengidentifikasi eskalasi tarif listrik dan suku bunga sebagai faktor risiko utama. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa dekarbonisasi proaktif meningkatkan efisensi energi dan ketahanan karbon.
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Indonesia;s commitment to the Paris Agreement (31,89% unconditional Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) by 2030 and Net Zero Emissions (NZE) by 2060) has driven the adoption of carbon pricing through carbon taxation and emissions trading, imposing stricter regulatory, supply chain, and green financing requirementson non-priority industries. Using PT XYZ as a case study, this research aims to: (1) quantify scope 1 and scope 2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; (2) develop fiscal strategies for carbon taxation and emissions trading; and (3) evaluate the financial feasibility of decarbonization through GHG inventory, rooftop photovoltaic (PV) simulation, carbon inclusive financial analysis and risk assessment using Monte Carlo simulation and Sobol sensitivity analysis. Baseline emissions were estimated at 193,4175 tCO2e, with scope 2 accounting for 99,47% of total emissions from annual electricity consumption of 221.150 kWh. A 138,24 kWp rooftop PV system achieved an LCOE of IDR 546,69/kWh, compared with the utility tariff of IDR 1,444.70/kWh, reducing CO2e emissions by approximately 81.38 t/year. A 50:50 equity-debt financing scheme yielded a positive NPV, an IRR 24,60% a payback period of 8,9 years, and an ROI of 73,6%. Monte Carlo and Sobol analyses identified electricity tariff escalation and interest rates as the primary financial risk drivers.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Pajak Karbon, Perdagangan Karbon, Emisi GRK scope 1 dan scope 2, PLST Atap, Analisis Finansial,Simulasi Monte Carlo, Carbon Tax, Carbon Trading, Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG Emissions, Rooftop Solar PV, Financial Analysis, Monte Carlo Simulastion. |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD30.23 Decision making. Business requirements analysis. H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD30.24 Feasibility studies. Feasibility appraisals H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD30.28 Planning. Business planning. Strategic planning. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Agus Rianto |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Jul 2026 04:22 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Jul 2026 04:22 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/134719 |
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