Biodegradation of Oil Sludge Seepage Using Freeze-Dried Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis via Sequential and Concurrent Inoculation

Raidy, Melissa (2026) Biodegradation of Oil Sludge Seepage Using Freeze-Dried Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis via Sequential and Concurrent Inoculation. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Oil sludge seepage originating from former oil production activities posed significant environmental risks due to its high Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) content and
persistence in the environment. In Surabaya, oil sludge seepage has been identified in several areas, representing a long-term source of contamination that required effective remediation strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of biodegradation using freeze-dried Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis to reduce TPH concentrations in oil sludge under controlled laboratory conditions. Laboratory-scale biodegradation experiments were conducted for 14 days using 250 mL reactors containing oil sludge, sand, sawdust, Tween 80, and nutrients based on a C:N:P ratio of 100:10:1. The treatments consisted of sequential inoculation, concurrent inoculation, and blank control. TPH concentration was measured using the gravimetric method, while microbial population was analyzed using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. Supporting parameters, including pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen, were also monitored. The results showed that both sequential and concurrent inoculation strategies were equally effective for TPH degradation, with no statistically significant difference between them, although the sequential treatment achieved a slightly higher degradation efficiency (84%) than the concurrent treatment (80%). Bioaugmented treatments significantly outperformed the blank treatment (38%). Pearson correlation analysis showed a strong positive relationship between TPH degradation efficiency and microbial growth (r = 0.655, p < 0.001), indicating that higher bacterial populations were associated with greater TPH degradation. These findings demonstrate that both inoculation strategies effectively enhanced TPH degradation compared with indigenous bacteria alone and highlight the importance of maintaining active microbial growth to optimize the bioremediation process.
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Rembesan oil sludge yang berasal dari aktivitas produksi minyak bumi terdahulu menimbulkan risiko lingkungan yang signifikan karena kandungan Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) yang tinggi serta sifatnya yang persisten di lingkungan. Di Surabaya, rembesan oil sludge telah teridentifikasi di beberapa lokasi dan menjadi sumber pencemaran jangka panjang yang memerlukan strategi remediasi yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas biodegradasi menggunakan Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Bacillus subtilis dalam bentuk beku-kering untuk menurunkan konsentrasi TPH pada oil sludge dalam kondisi laboratorium terkontrol. Percobaan biodegradasi skala laboratorium dilakukan selama 14 hari menggunakan reaktor 250 mL yang berisi oil sludge, pasir, serbuk gergaji, Tween 80, serta nutrien berdasarkan rasio C:N:P sebesar 100:10:1. Perlakuan yang digunakan terdiri atas inokulasi sekuensial, inokulasi simultan, dan kontrol blank. Konsentrasi TPH diukur menggunakan metode gravimetri, sedangkan populasi mikroba dianalisis menggunakan metode Total Plate Count (TPC). Parameter pendukung berupa pH, suhu, dan oksigen terlarut juga dipantau selama proses biodegradasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode inokulasi sekuensial dan simultan sama-sama efektif dalam mendegradasi TPH, tanpa adanya perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik di antara keduanya, meskipun inokulasi sekuensial mencapai efisiensi degradasi yang sedikit lebih tinggi (84%) dibandingkan dengan inokulasi simultan (80%). Kedua perlakuan bioaugmentasi tersebut secara signifikan lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan kontrol blank yang hanya mencapai efisiensi degradasi sebesar 38%. Uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan hubungan positif yang kuat antara efisiensi degradasi TPH dan pertumbuhan mikroba (r = 0,655; p < 0,001), yang menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi populasi bakteri, semakin tinggi pula efisiensi degradasi TPH. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua metode inokulasi secara efektif meningkatkan degradasi TPH dibandingkan dengan bakteri indigenus saja serta menegaskan pentingnya mempertahankan pertumbuhan mikroba yang aktif untuk mengoptimalkan proses bioremediasi.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	bioremediasi, bakteri beku-kering, metode inokulasi, oil sludge, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon, bioremediation, freeze-dried bacteria, inoculation method, oil sludge, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon
Subjects:	Q Science > QR Microbiology T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.5 Bioremediation T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD878.47 Soil remediation
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Melissa Raidy
Date Deposited:	21 Jul 2026 05:23
Last Modified:	21 Jul 2026 08:00
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135236

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