Perancangan Ulang High Pressure Heater Dengan Menggunakan Konfigurasi Heat Exchanger Tipe Shell And Tube Pada PLTU 16.5 MW

Romadhan, Dendi Satria (2026) Perancangan Ulang High Pressure Heater Dengan Menggunakan Konfigurasi Heat Exchanger Tipe Shell And Tube Pada PLTU 16.5 MW. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Operasional Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) berkapasitas 16.5 MW saat ini terhambat oleh tantangan pemeliharaan pada unit High Pressure Heater (HPH) eksisting yang menggunakan desain tabung spiral (coiled tube). Desain yang tidak standar ini menyulitkan proses perbaikan saat terjadi kerusakan karena penggantian tabung (retubing) tidak dapat dilakukan. Sehingga penanganan kebocoran hanya bergantung pada metode penyumbatan (plugging) yang secara progresif menurunkan kapasitas alat atau opsi penggantian unit total yang membebani biaya operasional. Untuk mengatasi kendala perawatan tersebut, penelitian ini mengusulkan perancangan ulang HPH menggunakan tipe Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger (STHE) yang sesuai dengan standar TEMA. Pendekatan desain berbasis standar ini dipilih untuk memastikan unit baru memiliki kompatibilitas konstruksi yang tinggi dan kemudahan akses perawatan di masa depan. Berdasarkan hasil perancangan dan evaluasi kinerja, diperoleh spesifikasi dimensi HPH menggunakan 516 buah tabung berdiameter luar 19.05 mm dan panjang 4000 mm, yang disusun dalam konfigurasi 4 lintasan (tube passes) berpola triangular pitch. Pada sisi cangkang (shell), alat dirancang dengan diameter dalam sebesar 660.4 mm dan dilengkapi 12 buah sekat (baffle) tipe single segmental. Evaluasi kinerja termal menunjukkan bahwa rancangan aktual ini mampu menyediakan total luas permukaan perpindahan panas sebesar 127.92 m² dengan capaian nilai koefisien perpindahan panas menyeluruh (Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient) sebesar 729.19 W/m².K. Selain itu, karakteristik aliran fluida terkonfirmasi memiliki kinerja hidrolik yang aman dan memenuhi batas toleransi operasional, ditandai dengan penurunan tekanan (pressure drop) sebesar 0.21 bar pada sisi uap (shell) dan 0.057 bar pada sisi air umpan (tube).
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The operation of the 16.5 MW Steam Power Plant is currently hindered by maintenance challenges on the existing High Pressure Heater (HPH) unit which utilizes a coiled tube design. This non-standard design complicates repair processes during equipment failure as partial retubing is not feasible. Consequently handling leakage relies exclusively on plugging methods which progressively degrade the equipment's capacity or on the option of total unit replacement which imposes a significant burden on operational costs. To overcome these maintenance constraints, this study proposes a redesign of the HPH utilizing a Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger (STHE) configuration in accordance with TEMA standards. This standard-based design approach is selected to ensure high construction compatibility and accessibility for future maintenance. Based on the design and performance evaluation results, the dimensional specifications of the HPH were obtained, utilizing 516 tubes with an outside diameter of 19.05 mm and a length of 4000 mm, arranged in a 4 tube passes configuration with a triangular pitch pattern. On the shell side, the equipment is designed with an inside diameter of 660.4 mm and equipped with 12 single segmental type baffles. Thermal performance evaluation shows that this actual design is capable of providing a total heat transfer area of 127.92 m² with an achieved Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient value of 729.19 W/m².K. Furthermore, the fluid flow characteristics are confirmed to have safe hydraulic performance and meet operational tolerance limits, indicated by a pressure drop of 0.21 bar on the steam side (shell) and 0.057 bar on the feedwater side (tube).

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	High Pressure Heater, Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger, Perancangan Ulang, Standar TEMA, ASPEN EDR, High Pressure Heater, Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger, Redesign, TEMA Standard, ASPEN EDR.
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263 Heat exchangers
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Dendi Satria Romadhan
Date Deposited:	17 Jul 2026 05:57
Last Modified:	17 Jul 2026 05:57
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135291

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