Wardhani, Muhammad Rakha Reswara Putra (2025) Laporan Akhir Magang Mandiri PT. Cirebon Power Services. Project Report. [s.n]. (Unpublished)
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Abstract
PT Cirebon Power Services merupakan perusahaan yang mengoperasikan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) berteknologi supercritical boiler berkapasitas 1 x 660 MW, yang memanfaatkan air laut sebagai bahan baku utama dalam sistem Water Treatment Plant (WTP) untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan make-up water. Namun, keandalan operasional sistem ini secara signifikan terkendala oleh fluktuasi tingkat kekeruhan (turbidity) air baku yang kerap melampaui ambang batas 100 NTU. Peningkatan turbiditas ini secara dominan dipicu oleh faktor terestrial berupa limpasan sedimen dari aliran sungai saat intensitas curah hujan tinggi, yang mengakibatkan instabilitas pada proses koagulasi-flokulasi serta mempercepat penyumbatan media filtrasi. Guna memitigasi permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini mengevaluasi efektivitas integrasi unit clarifier sebagai tahapan pra-perlakuan lanjutan melalui pendekatan simulasi komputasional menggunakan perangkat lunak SuperPro Designer. Evaluasi kinerja dilakukan dengan memvariasikan tingkat turbiditas influen dari rentang 150 hingga 3700 NTU serta laju alir antara 230 hingga 300 m³/jam. Hasil simulasi mengindikasikan bahwa kinerja clarifier mencapai efisiensi optimal pada kondisi beban turbiditas rendah (150 NTU) dan beban sangat tinggi (2500–3700 NTU), di mana probabilitas tumbukan antarpartikel memfasilitasi laju sedimentasi yang lebih cepat. Sebaliknya, pada rentang turbiditas menengah (300–2000 NTU), efisiensi separasi mengalami penurunan akibat dominasi partikel koloid halus bersuspensi tinggi. Secara komprehensif, batas aman operasional clarifier berada pada turbiditas 1500 NTU dengan laju alir maksimum 285 m³/jam agar beban padatan (solid loading rate) tetap mematuhi batas kapasitas desain. Studi ini merekomendasikan kalibrasi ulang terhadap dosis penambahan koagulan dan flokulan pada rentang turbiditas menengah untuk mengoptimalkan kinerja clarifier secara keseluruhan.
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PT Cirebon Power Services operates a 1 x 660 MW supercritical boiler Coal-Fired Power Plant (PLTU), utilizing seawater as the primary raw material in its Water Treatment Plant (WTP) system to fulfill make-up water requirements. However, the operational reliability of this system is significantly constrained by fluctuations in raw water turbidity, which frequently exceed the operational threshold of 100 NTU. This elevated turbidity is predominantly triggered by terrestrial factors, specifically sediment runoff from river flows during high-intensity rainfall, leading to instability in the coagulation-flocculation process and accelerating the clogging of filtration media. To mitigate these issues, this study evaluates the effectiveness of integrating a clarifier unit as an advanced pre-treatment stage through computational simulation using SuperPro Designer software. The performance evaluation was conducted by varying influent turbidity levels from 150 to 3700 NTU and flow rates between 230 and 300 m³/h. Simulation results indicate that the clarifier achieves optimal efficiency under low turbidity load (150 NTU) and very high load (2500–3700 NTU) conditions, where the probability of interparticle collisions facilitates a faster sedimentation rate. Conversely, within the medium turbidity range (300–2000 NTU), separation efficiency decreases due to the dominance of highly suspended fine colloidal particles. Comprehensively, the safe operational limit of the clarifier is established at a turbidity of 1500 NTU with a maximum flow rate of 285 m³/h to ensure the solid loading rate remains within the design capacity limits. This study recommends recalibrating the dosage of coagulants and flocculants, specifically within the medium turbidity range, to optimize the overall performance of the clarifier.
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