Faktor Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keterbukaan Perdagangan Negara G20

Wirza, Jefin Athari (2026) Faktor Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keterbukaan Perdagangan Negara G20. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 5033221007-Undergraduate_thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (8MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Perdagangan internasional terus berkembang pesat dari tahun ke tahun, dan keterlibatan negara terhadap aktivitas ini diukur melalui keterbukaan perdagangan. mengingat G20 sebagai forum ekonomi dengan keberagaman profil pemerintahan dan tingkat kerentanan geopolitik, penting untuk memahami dinamika perdagangan dalam kelompok ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis arah dan signifikansi Kualitas Institusi, Risiko Geopolitik serta faktor makroekonomi terhadap keterbukaan perdagangan pada 19 negara anggota G20. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel dengan estimasi Fixed Effect Model Clustered Robust (FEMCR), yang menggunakan data observasi sekunder dari tahun 2002 sampai 2022. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa Risiko Geopolitik dan institutional quality memiliki korelasi negatif signifikan terhadap keterbukaan perdagangan. secara spesifik, dampak negatif Risiko Geopolitik sangat berdampak pada negara berpendapatan tinggi, sedangkan korelasi negatif institutional quality terpusat pada negara berpendapatan menengah keatas. Disisi lain, variabel makroekonomi tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan secara statistik terhadap trade openenss. Implikasi dari temuan ini menyarankan agar negara anggota G20 memperluas diversifikasi pasar ekspor maupun impor untuk memitigasi risiko guncangan geopolitik. Selain itu, pemerintah perlu mengevaluasi kembali ketergantingan ekonomi pada industri padat polusi yang memanfaatkan rendahnya kualitas institusi dan regulasi
==================================================================================================================================
International trade continues to grow rapidly year on year, and country’s involvement in this activity is measured by trade openness. Given that the G20 is an economic forum comprising a diverse range of governmental profiles and levels of geopolitical vulnerability, it is important to understand the dynamics of trade within this group. This study aims to analyse the direction and significance of institutional quality, Geopolitical Risks and macroeconomic factors on trade openness across 19 G20 member countries. The research method employed is panel data regression using the Fixed Effect Model Clustered Robust (FEMCR) estimation, utilising secondary observational data from 2002 to 2022. The regression results indicate that Geopolitical Risks andinstitutional quality have a significant negative correlation with trade openness. Specifically, the negative impact of Geopolitical Risks is particularly pronounced in high-income countries, whilst the negative correlation of institutional quality is concentrated in upper-middle-income countries. On the other hand, macroeconomic variables do not exert a statistically significant influence on trade openness. The implications of these findings suggest that G20 member countries should expand the diversification of their export and import markets to mitigate the risks of geopolitical shocks. Furthermore, governments need to reassess their economic dependence on pollution-intensive industries that exploit low institutional quality and lax regulation

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keterbukaan Perdagangan, Trade Openness, Kualitas Institusi, Institution Quality, Risiko Geopolitik, Geopolitical Risk, Makroekonomi,Macroeconomy, PDB per Kapita, GDP per Capita, Nilai Tukar, Exchange Rate, Konsumsi Pengeluaran Akhir, Final Consumption Expenditure
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HA Statistics > HA31.3 Regression. Correlation. Logistic regression analysis. H Social Sciences > HC Economic History and Conditions > HC441 Macroeconomics.
Divisions:	Faculty of Creative Design and Digital Business (CREABIZ) > Developmental Studies > 60201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Jefin Athari Wirza
Date Deposited:	20 Jul 2026 05:49
Last Modified:	20 Jul 2026 05:49
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135355

Actions (login required)

View Item