Analisis Risiko Kebakaran Dengan Menggunakan Metode Layer Of Protection Analysis Dan Event Tree Analysis Pada Gedung Perkantoran PT XYZ

Mardianto, Febi (2026) Analisis Risiko Kebakaran Dengan Menggunakan Metode Layer Of Protection Analysis Dan Event Tree Analysis Pada Gedung Perkantoran PT XYZ. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kebakaran pada gedung perkantoran merupakan salah satu potensi bahaya yang memiliki konsekuensi serius terhadap keselamatan manusia, gangguan operasional, dan kerugian ekonomi. Gedung perkantoran PT XYZ di Sumatera Selatan memiliki tingkat kompleksitas ruang yang tinggi seperti ruang bersekat, memiliki banyak alat peraga, peralatan elektronik serta sistem proteksi kebakaran eksisting yang belum dievaluasi secara kuantitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat risiko kebakaran serta mengevaluasi efektivitas lapisan proteksi (Independent Protection Layer/IPL) pada sistem proteksi yang ada, dengan pendekatan kombinasi metode Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) dan Event Tree Analysis (ETA). Analisis dilakukan melalui identifikasi sumber bahaya utama (initiating event), seperti korsleting listrik, overheating peralatan, dan kelalaian manusia. Setiap lapisan proteksi dianalisis menggunakan LOPA dengan pendekatan Probability of Failure on Demand (PFD), serta dikembangkan skenario lanjutan menggunakan event tree untuk memetakan jalur keberhasilan dan kegagalan sistem proteksi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai risiko kebakaran gedung demo room dan gedung ICT berada pada kategori tinggi dengan nilai risiko masing-masing 20 dan 15, serta probabilitas kejadian akhir sebesar 2,92x10-1/tahun dan 3,12x10-3/tahun. Probabilitas kebakaran berkembang sebesar 42,40-45,28%, yang menunjukkan bahwa sistem proteksi eksisting belum optimal dalam mengendalikan risiko. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi risiko, sistem proteksi kebakaran belum memenuhi As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP), sehingga diperlukan peningkatan sistem proteksi. Rekomendasi yang diusulkan meliputi pemasangan sistem sprinkler otomatis, integrasi detektor asap dengan alarm kebakaran, pengembangan sistem hidran serta peningkatan pelatihan tanggap darurat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi LOPA dan ETA efektif dalam mengidentifikasi kelemahan sistem proteksi dan memberikan dasar kuantitatif dalam pengambilan keputusan mitigasi risiko. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan dalam pengembangan sistem proteksi kebakaran yang lebih andal dan terintegrasi pada gedung perkantoran.
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Fires in office buildings are a potential hazard that can have serious consequences for human safety, operational disruption, and economic loss. The office buildings of PT XYZ in South Sumatera has a high level of spatial complexity such as partitioned rooms, numerous display devices, electronic equipments, and existing fire protection system that has not been quantitatively evaluated. This study aims to analyze the level of fire risk and evaluate the effectiveness of the protection layers (Independent Protection Layer/IPL) in the existing protection system, using a combination of the Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) and Event Tree Analysis (ETA) methods. The analysis was conducted by identifying initiating events, such as electrical short circuits, equipment overheating, and human error. Each protection layer was analyzed using LOPA with the Probability of Failure on Demand (PFD) approach, and advanced scenarios were developed using event tree to map the success and failure paths of the protection system. The analysis results showed that demo room building and ICT building were in the high category with risk values of 20 and 15 respectively, and the probability of the final event was 2.92x10-1/year and 3.12x10-3/year. The probability of fire developing was 42.40-45.28%, which indicated that the existing protection system was not optimal in controlling the risk. Based on the risk evaluation results, the fire protection system does not meet As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) criteria, indicating the need for significant risk reduction measures. Recommended mitigation strategies include the installation of automatic sprinkler system, integration of smoke detectors with fire alarm systems, enhancement of hydrant systems, and strengthening of emergency response capabilities. The conclusions of this research indicate that combination of LOPA and ETA is effective in identifying weakness in protection systems and provides a quantitative basis for risk mitigation decision-making. This research is expected to be a reference in the development of a more reliable and integrated fire protection systems in office buildings.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ALARP, Analisis Risiko Kebakaran, Event Tree Analysis, Gedung Perkantoran, Layer of Protection Analysis, ALARP, Event Tree Analysis, Fire Risk Analysis, Layer of Protection Analysis, Office Building
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T174.5 Technology--Risk assessment.
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 61101-Master of Technology Management (MMT)
Depositing User:	Febi Mardianto
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2026 01:02
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2026 01:02
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135363

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