Analisis Numerik Perbandingan Run-Up Gelombang Pada Breakwater Dengan Armor Unit BPPT-Lock, Hexaloc, BRINlock Dan Crablock

Sanjaya, Ahmad Lazuardi (2026) Analisis Numerik Perbandingan Run-Up Gelombang Pada Breakwater Dengan Armor Unit BPPT-Lock, Hexaloc, BRINlock Dan Crablock. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Breakwater merupakan struktur pelindung pantai yang berfungsi mereduksi energi gelombang sebelum mencapai wilayah perairan di belakang struktur. Salah satu parameter penting dalam perencanaan breakwater adalah run-up gelombang, yaitu elevasi maksimum muka air yang merambat naik pada lereng struktur akibat interaksi gelombang dengan lapisan armor. Besarnya run-up dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik gelombang datang, kemiringan lereng, kekasaran permukaan, porositas, serta geometri armor unit yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik dan membandingkan run-up gelombang pada breakwater dengan armor unit Hexaloc, BPPT-lock, Crablock, dan BRINlock menggunakan pendekatan numerik berbasis Computational Fluid Dynamics melalui perangkat lunak FLOW-3D. Simulasi dilakukan dengan variasi tinggi gelombang 0,08–0,15 m, periode gelombang 1,47 s, kedalaman air 0,40 m, serta variasi kemiringan struktur 1:2, 1:1,5, 1:1,15, dan 3:4. Nilai run-up diperoleh melalui pengamatan elevasi muka air bebas pada bidang tengah flume untuk meminimalkan pengaruh dinding samping dan memastikan konsistensi pembacaan hasil numerik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kecuraman lereng secara umum menyebabkan peningkatan nilai run-up relatif, sedangkan lereng yang lebih landai cenderung menghasilkan run-up yang lebih kecil akibat proses disipasi energi yang lebih besar. Berdasarkan nilai rata-rata run-up relatif (Ru/H), Hexaloc menghasilkan run-up relatif terendah sebesar 1,09, diikuti oleh BRINlock sebesar 1,12, BPPT-lock sebesar 1,15, dan Crablock sebesar 1,18. Dengan demikian, Hexaloc menunjukkan kinerja terbaik dalam mereduksi run-up gelombang pada konfigurasi pemodelan ini, sedangkan Crablock menghasilkan run-up rata-rata yang relatif paling tinggi. Namun, perbedaan nilai rata-rata antar armor unit relatif kecil, sehingga evaluasi kinerja armor unit tetap perlu mempertimbangkan faktor lain seperti stabilitas hidraulik, potensi overtopping, mekanisme interlocking, dan efisiensi pemasangan.
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Breakwaters are coastal protection structures designed to reduce wave energy before it reaches the sheltered area behind them. A key parameter in breakwater design is wave run-up, defined as the maximum elevation reached by the water surface as it climbs the structure slope due to wave–armor interaction. The magnitude of run-up is influenced by incident wave characteristics, slope inclination, surface roughness, porosity, and the geometry of the armor unit used. This study analyzes and compares the wave run-up characteristics of breakwaters armored with Hexaloc, BPPT-lock, Crablock, and BRINlock units using a numerical approach based on Computational Fluid Dynamics in FLOW-3D. The simulations were carried out with wave heights ranging from 0.08 to 0.15 m, a wave period of 1.47 s, a water depth of 0.40 m, and slope variations of 1:2, 1:1.5, 1:1.15, and 3:4. Run-up values were obtained by observing the free-surface elevation at the center plane of the flume to minimize sidewall effects and ensure consistent interpretation of the numerical results. The results show that steeper slopes generally produce higher relative run-up, whereas milder slopes tend to generate lower run-up due to greater energy dissipation. Based on the average relative run up (Ru/H) values, Hexaloc produced the lowest relative run-up of 1.09, followed by BRINlock at 1.12, BPPT-lock at 1.15, and Crablock at 1.18. Therefore, Hexaloc demonstrated the best performance in reducing wave run-up under the present modeling configuration, while Crablock produced the highest average relative run up. Nevertheless, the differences in the average values among the armor units were relatively small; therefore, armor unit performance should also be evaluated by considering other factors such as hydraulic stability, overtopping potential, interlocking mechanism, and installation efficiency.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	armor unit, breakwater, run-up armor unit, breakwater, run-up
Subjects:	T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC203.5 Coastal engineering T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC333 Breakwaters
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Ocean Engineering > 38101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Ahmad Lazuardi Sanjaya
Date Deposited:	18 Jul 2026 09:01
Last Modified:	18 Jul 2026 09:01
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135434

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