Putra, Dewa Maulana Pramono (2026) Pemantauan Sea Surface Height (SSH) Pesisir Pantai Utara Pulau Jawa menggunakan Data High Frequency Altimetri 40 Hz Satelit SARAL/AltiKa pada Tahun 2016–2024. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kenaikan muka air laut merupakan salah satu indikator utama perubahan sistem iklim global yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor manusia maupun variabilitas internal iklim alami. Global Mean Sea Level (GMSL) mencatat laju kenaikan sebesar 3,4 ± 0,4 mm/tahun, sementara di wilayah regional Indonesia angkanya mencapai 3,9 ± 0,4 mm/tahun. Satelit altimetri menjadi salah satu metode andalan dalam pengamatan muka air laut global. Meskipun demikian, akurasi data altimetri di wilayah pesisir masih menghadapi tantangan akibat gangguan sinyal dan keterbatasan resolusi spasial. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan data altimetri berfrekuensi tinggi (40 Hz) dari satelit SARAL/AltiKa periode 2016–2024 serta data observasi pasang surut di sepanjang pantai utara Pulau Jawa. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah menganalisis distribusi dan tren Sea Level Anomaly (SLA) di pesisir utara Jawa, sekaligus mengevaluasi tingkat akurasi data altimetri terhadap data pasang surut stasiun BIG. Metodologi yang digunakan meliputi konversi data NetCDF ke ASCII menggunakan MATLAB, penerapan koreksi atmosfer dan geofisika, perhitungan SSH dan SLA, estimasi tren menggunakan Uji Mann-Kendall, Seasonal Trend decomposition using LOESS (STL), pemodelan harmonik, serta validasi statistik (RMSE, MBE, MAE, dan Korelasi Pearson). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata nilai SSH dan SLA masing-masing sebesar 30,529 m dan -0,035 m. Estimasi tren kenaikan muka air laut berdasarkan Uji Mann-Kendall, STL, dan Model Harmonik berturut-turut adalah 2,38 mm/tahun, 2,19 mm/tahun, dan 3,2 mm/tahun meskipun tidak signifikan secara statistik di Uji Mann-Kendall. Korelasi antara SLA dan Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) bernilai -0,52 dan dengan MEI sebesar -0,413, mengonfirmasi adanya hubungan terbalik antara fenomena ENSO dan tinggi muka air laut di Laut Jawa. Analisis lagged correlation menunjukkan korelasi terbaik berada pada lag 0 bulan untuk kedua indeks. Validasi statistik menghasilkan nilai RMSE berkisar antara 0,059 – 0,376 m dan nilai korelasi Pearson sebesar 0,15 – 0,87, dengan performa terbaik ditemukan pada stasiun SERA dan CRBN, sementara stasiun SRBY menunjukkan hasil yang paling inkonsisten.
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Sea level rise is a primary indicator of global climate system changes, driven by both anthropogenic factors and natural internal climate variability. The Global Mean Sea Level (GMSL) records a rising rate of 3.4 ± 0.4 mm/year, while the regional rate in Indonesia reaches 3.9 ± 0.4 mm/year. Satellite altimetry has emerged as a reliable method for global sea level observation. However, the accuracy of altimetry data in coastal regions continues to face challenges due to signal interference and limited spatial resolution. This study utilizes high frequency (40 Hz) altimetry data from the SARAL/AltiKa satellite over the 2016–2024 period, alongside tidal observation data along the northern coast of Java. The primary objective of this research is to analyze the distribution and trends of Sea Level Anomaly (SLA) along the northern coast of Java, while simultaneously evaluating the accuracy of altimetry data against tide gauge data from the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG). The methodology encompasses the conversion of NetCDF data to ASCII format using MATLAB, the application of atmospheric and geophysical corrections, the computation of Sea Surface Height (SSH) and SLA, and trend estimation utilizing the Mann-Kendall test, Seasonal-Trend Decomposition using LOESS (STL), and harmonic modeling. Statistical validation also performed using RMSE, MBE, MAE, and Pearson correlation. The results indicate that the average values of SSH and SLA are 30.529 m and -0.035 m, respectively. The estimated rates of sea level rise based on the Mann-Kendall test, STL, and harmonic modeling are 2.38 mm/year, 2.19 mm/year, and 3.2 mm/year, respectively, although the Mann–Kendall trend is not statistically significant. The correlation between SLA and the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) is -0.528, while the correlation with the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI) is -0.413, confirming an inverse relationship between the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon and sea levels in the Java Sea. Lagged correlation analysis shows that the best correlation between data at 0-month lag with ONI and MEI variable. Statistical validation yielded RMSE values ranging from 0.059 to 0.376 m and Pearson correlation coefficients between 0.15 and 0.87. The best performance observed was at
the SERA and CRBN stations, whereas the SRBY station demonstrated the most inconsistent results.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Altimetri 40 Hz, SARAL/AltiKa, SSH/SLA, Sea Level Rise, Pasang Surut, Tides |
| Subjects: | G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GC Oceanography > GC89 Sea Level |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Geomatics Engineering > 29202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Dewa Maulana Pramono Putra |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Jul 2026 02:25 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Jul 2026 02:25 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135467 |
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