Halawa, Ikhtiar and Edselnathaniel, Edrabennedicto (2026) Desain Pabrik Daur Ulang Limbah B3 Baterai Electric Vehicle Menjadi Battery Grade Lithium Karbonat Menggunakan Teknologi Pengendapan Hydrometallurgy Dengan Kapasitas 20.000 Ton/Tahun. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Desain Pabrik Daur Ulang Limbah B3 Baterai Electric Vehicle Menjadi Battery Grade Lithium Karbonat dilaksanakan melalui proses termal dan pengendapan hydrometallurgy. Pabrik daur ulang limbah dengan kapasitas 20.000 ton baterai/tahun ini direncanakan beroperasi selama 330 hari per tahun mulai dari tahun 2029. Pabrik ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi akumulasi sampah mengandung logam berat sekaligus membantu memenuhi kebutuhan bahan baku industri baterai lithium baik domestik maupun internasional yang terus meningkat. Pabrik ini menggunakan baterai lithium bekas dari kendaraan listrik sebagai bahan baku utama. Pabrik ini direncanakan akan didirikan pada Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Kendal, Kecamatan Kaliwungu, Kabupaten Kendal, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Lokasi tersebut dipilih dengan pertimbangan utama lokasi pasar produk yang dihasilkan serta akses transportasi untuk kemudahan logistik bahan baku dan produk. Teknologi proses utama yang terpilih untuk pabrik ini adalah pretreatment termal dan pengendapan hydrometallurgy. Proses termal beroperasi pada kondisi 500°C dan 1 atm menggunakan reaktor rotary kiln, sedangkan proses pengendapan dilaksanakan
menggunakan alat utama berupa jacketed reactor dilengkapi agitator yang beroperasi pada 90°C dan 1 atm. Operasi pabrik ini diharapkan mencapai recovery 98,36% ditinjau berdasarkan jumlah logam litium sebagai produk litium karbonat. Pendirian pabrik ini memerlukan modal investasi sebesar Rp1,619,653,936,974,43 dan biaya produksi tahunan hingga sebesar Rp1,010,309,770,304,92. Pabrik memiliki estimasi umur 20 tahun terhitung sejak awal produksi. Analisis ekonomi pabrik memberi nilai Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 15,60%, Pay Out Time (POT) sebesar 14,87 tahun, dan Break Even Production Rate (BEPR) sebesar 32,05% dari kapasitas pengolahan. Berdasarkan sejumlah pertimbangan dan hasil analisis tersebut, pabrik ini dinyatakan layak untuk didirikan.
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The design of hazardous and toxic electric vehicle battery waste recycling plant into battery grade lithium carbonate is done through thermal and hydrometallurgic precipitation processes. This recycling plant with a processing capacity of 20,000 tons of battery per year operates for 330 days annually beginning from 2029. This plant is expected to suppress the accumulation of heavy metal-containing waste as well as aid in fulfilling the ever increasing demand for raw materials by the lithium battery industry, both locally and globally. This plant is planned to be erected in Kendal Industrial Park, located in the Kaliwangu Subdistrict of Kendal Regency, within the Province of Central Java. This location has been selected with the main consideration being proximity to the target market alongside ease of access to transportation, aiding in logistics for both raw material acquirement and product distribution. The main processes chosen for this plant include thermal pretreatment and hydrometallurgical precipitation. The thermal process operates at 500°C and 1 atm using a rotary kiln reactor, while the precipitation process uses agitated, jacketed reactor operating at 90°C dan 1 atm as the main equipments. Plant operations are expected to reach 98.36% of lithium metal recovered as lithium carbonate. The erection of this plant requires an initial capital investment fund of Rp1,619,653,936,974,43 and annual operating costs up to Rp1,010,309,770,304,92. The plant life is expected to reach 20 years beginning from the start of production. Economic analysis of this plant gives values for the internal rate of return at 15.60%, pay out time at 14.87 years, and break even production rate at 32.05% of processing capacity. Based on several considerations including the financial analysis results, the establisment of this plant is deemed viable and
feasible.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Baterai EV, Hydrometallurgy, Limbah B3, Lithium Karbonat, Pengelolaan Limbah, EV Battery, Hazardous Waste. Lithium Carbonate, Waste Management |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD547 Flocculation, precipitation, adsorption, etc. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ikhtiar Halawa |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Jul 2026 14:59 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Jul 2026 15:16 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135503 |
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