Audyna, Nabilla Cindy Yun and Widianingsih, Widianingsih (2026) Desain Pabrik Synthetic Diesel Euro 5 Sebagai Pengelolaan Limbah Padat Perkotaan (MSW) Menggunakan Metode Pirolisis Dengan Kapasitas 70.000 kL/Tahun. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Synthetic Diesel Euro 5 merupakan bahan bakar alternatif beremisi rendah yang berpotensi mendukung transisi energi berkelanjutan sekaligus mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap bahan bakar fosil. Konversi Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) menjadi synthetic diesel juga berkontribusi dalam menekan permasalahan timbulan sampah nasional. MSW dipilih sebagai bahan baku karena memiliki kandungan karbon dan hidrogen yang relatif tinggi sehingga berpotensi dikonversi menjadi bahan bakar cair melalui proses konversi termokimia. Kebutuhan diesel di Indonesia diperkirakan mencapai sekitar 2,3 juta kL pada tahun 2028, sehingga dirancang pabrik Synthetic Diesel Euro 5 dari MSW dengan kapasitas 70.000 kL/tahun untuk memenuhi sekitar 4% kebutuhan nasional. Pabrik direncanakan berlokasi di Kawasan Industri Jababeka, Kabupaten Bekasi. Proses produksi meliputi tahap pre-treatment MSW berupa pemilahan, reduksi ukuran, dan pengeringan, diikuti proses pirolisis sebagai tahap konversi termokimia. Produk cair hasil pirolisis kemudian dimurnikan melalui proses hydrotreating menggunakan katalis Ni–Mo/Al₂O₃ dan hydrocracking dengan katalis Ni–W/USY zeolit, serta dilanjutkan dengan proses distilasi. Tahap akhir mencakup pembersihan gas dan daur ulang hidrogen menggunakan metode Pressure Swing Adsorption. Produk yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi spesifikasi Synthetic Diesel Euro 5 dan layak dipasarkan. Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi, diperoleh estimasi CAPEX sebesar Rp 2.419.030.104.355,11 dan OPEX sebesar Rp 687.026.300.862,83/tahun, dengan umur pabrik 20 tahun dan waktu pengembalian pinjaman 10 tahun. Evaluasi ekonomi menunjukkan nilai IRR sebesar 18,54%, POT selama 6 tahun, BEP sebesar 33,8%, serta NPV positif sebesar Rp 1.893.300.539.883,17, sehingga pabrik dinyatakan layak dan menguntungkan untuk didirikan.
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Synthetic Diesel Euro 5 is a low-emission alternative fuel with significant potential to support the transition toward sustainable energy while reducing dependence on fossil fuels. The conversion of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) into synthetic diesel also contributes to mitigating national solid waste generation issues. MSW is selected as the primary feedstock due to its relatively high carbon and hydrogen content, which enables its conversion into liquid fuels through thermochemical conversion processes. Diesel demand in Indonesia is projected to reach approximately 2.3 million kL by 2028; therefore, a Synthetic Diesel Euro 5 plant based on MSW with a capacity of 70,000 kL/year is designed to supply about 4% of national diesel demand. The plant is planned to be located in the Jababeka Industrial Estate, Bekasi Regency. The production process consists of MSW pre-treatment stages, including sorting, size reduction, and drying, followed by pyrolysis as the main thermochemical conversion process. The liquid product obtained from pyrolysis is subsequently upgraded through hydrotreating using Ni–Mo/Al₂O₃ catalysts and hydrocracking using Ni–W/USY zeolite catalysts, followed by distillation. The final stages include gas purification and hydrogen recycling using the Pressure Swing Adsorption method. The resulting product meets Synthetic Diesel Euro 5 specifications and is suitable for commercialization. Based on the economic analysis, the estimated capital expenditure (CAPEX) is Rp 2,419,030,104,355.11 and the operating expenditure (OPEX) is Rp 687,026,300,862.83 per year, with a plant lifetime of 20 years and a loan repayment period of 10 years. The economic evaluation indicates an internal rate of return (IRR) of 18.54%, a pay-out time (POT) of 6 years, a break-even point (BEP) of 33.8%, and a positive net present value (NPV) of Rp 1,893,300,539,883.17, demonstrating that the plant is economically feasible and profitable.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Synthetic Diesel Euro 5, Limbah Padat Perkotaan, Pirolisis, Hydrotreating, Hydrocracking |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP315 Fuel T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP343 Liquid and gaseous fuel |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Nabilla Cindy Yun Audyna |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Jul 2026 02:39 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Jul 2026 02:39 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135530 |
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