Laporan Akhir Magang Mandiri PT. Kilang Pertamina Internasional RU V Balikpapan

Avril, Zelitha (2026) Laporan Akhir Magang Mandiri PT. Kilang Pertamina Internasional RU V Balikpapan. Project Report. [s.n.]. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

High Vacuum Unit merupakan salah satu sub unit Hydrocracking Complex (HCC). Unit ini berperan penting dalam memproses Long Residue menjadi fraksi bernilai tinggi seperti Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil (HVGO)Pasca-revamp pada kilang, ditemukan permasalahan operasional pada pompa G-2-03 (HVGO draw), di mana laju alir reflux HVGO menurun drastis menjadi sekitar 660 m³/jam dari kondisi normalnya yang berkisar antara 800-850 m³/jam. Penurunan ini dipengaruhi oleh kecepatan putar pompa (off-design) yang berada di bawah spesifikasi desain, sehingga menurunkan Net Positive Suction Head Available (NPSHa) dan membuat pompa rentan mengalami kavitasi. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, dilakukan evaluasi hidrolika menyeluruh dan optimasi operasi menggunakan simulasi perangkat lunak Aspen HYSYS (menggunakan model Peng-Robinson). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa jika tekanan isap (suction pressure) mengikuti data desain awal sebesar 0,83 kg/cm², pompa akan mengalami kavitasi karena komponen HVGO berpotensi menguap menjadi gas di dalam aliran inlet. Analisis lebih lanjut membuktikan bahwa optimasi tekanan isap dinaikkan pada rentang 2,2 hingga 2,5 kg/cm² mampu menghasilkan margin NPSHa yang aman, yaitu sebesar 22 hingga 25 meter, dengan efisiensi termodinamika mencapai 74,4%. Sehingga, peningkatan dan penjagaan kestabilan level cairan dalam akumulator HVGO pada tekanan 2,2 – 2,5 kg/cm² sangat krusial untuk mencegah terjadinya kavitasi akibat penurunan RPM pompa. Kondisi operasional yang dioptimalkan ini tidak hanya melancarkan sirkulasi reflux HVGO, tetapi juga meminimalisasi pemborosan energi termal, menjaga stabilitas suhu cold reflux, serta mencegah terbentuknya coking pada wash bed di dalam kolom vakum distilasi.
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The High Vacuum Unit is one of the subunits of the Hydrocracking Complex (HCC). This unit plays a crucial role in processing long residue into high-value fractions such as Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil (HVGO). Following the refinery’s revamp, an operational issue was identified with pump G-2-03 (HVGO draw), where the HVGO reflux flow rate dropped drastically to approximately 660 m³/h from its normal range of 800–850 m³/h. This decrease was caused by the pump’s rotational speed (off-design) being below design specifications, thereby reducing the Net Positive Suction Head Available (NPSHa) and making the pump susceptible to cavitation. To address this issue, a comprehensive hydraulic evaluation and operational optimization were conducted using Aspen HYSYS software simulation (employing the Peng-Robinson model). Simulation results showed that if the suction pressure were maintained at the initial design value of 0.83 kg/cm², the pump would experience cavitation because the HVGO component could potentially vaporize into gas within the inlet flow. Further analysis confirmed that optimizing the suction pressure to a range of 2.2 to 2.5 kg/cm² yields a safe NPSHa margin of 22 to 25 meters, with thermodynamic efficiency reaching 74.4%. Therefore, increasing and maintaining a stable liquid level in the HVGO accumulator at a pressure of 2.2–2.5 kg/cm² is crucial to prevent cavitation caused by a decrease in the pump’s RPM. Optimized operating conditions

Item Type:	Monograph (Project Report)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Aspen HYSYS, Kavitasi, NPSHa, Optimasi, Pompa Sentrifugal, Reflux HVGO, Tekanan Isap.
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T55.3.H3 Hazardous substances--Safety measures. T Technology > T Technology (General) > T55 Industrial Safety T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP692.5 Oil and gasoline handling and storage
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	Zelitha Avril
Date Deposited:	20 Jul 2026 03:56
Last Modified:	20 Jul 2026 03:56
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135563

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