Analisis Kinerja Disturbance Observer Sebagai Estimator Kecepatan Pada Sistem Kontrol Sensorless Motor Induksi Untuk Aplikasi Model Propulsi Kereta

Hasibuan, Immanuel Niko (2026) Analisis Kinerja Disturbance Observer Sebagai Estimator Kecepatan Pada Sistem Kontrol Sensorless Motor Induksi Untuk Aplikasi Model Propulsi Kereta. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penggunaan sensor kecepatan mekanik pada motor induksi di sistem propulsi kereta listrik seringkali terkendala oleh getaran dan kondisi lingkungan operasional yang keras. Sebagai solusinya, metode sensorless control diterapkan agar sistem tidak lagi bergantung pada perangkat sensor fisik. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi kinerja algoritma Disturbance Observer (DOB) yang diintegrasikan dengan sistem Indirect Rotor Field Oriented Control (IRFOC) sebagai estimator kecepatan. DOB digunakan karena kemampuannya dalam memperkirakan putaran rotor sekaligus menekan gangguan yang muncul akibat dinamika beban traksi. Pengujian sistem dilakukan melalui dua tahapan, yakni simulasi komputasi perangkat lunak dan implementasi perangkat keras yang dikopel dengan beban inersia flywheel. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dengan variasi beban torsi mulai dari 0,07 Nm hingga 0,20 Nm, algoritma DOB dapat mengestimasi kecepatan dengan cukup akurat. Hal ini ditandai oleh nilai rata-rata Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) di kisaran 31,32 RPM hingga 46,13 RPM. Secara keseluruhan, persentase kesalahan estimasi selalu konsisten berada di bawah 4%. Akurasi terbaik dicapai ketika motor diberi pembebanan sebesar 0,10 Nm, dengan tingkat kesalahan hanya 2,39%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa skema kendali DOB terbukti stabil, responsif, dan layak digunakan sebagai estimator kecepatan untuk aplikasi propulsi kereta.
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The use of mechanical speed sensors in induction motors for electric train propulsion systems is often hindered by extreme vibrations and harsh operating environments. As a solution, a sensorless control method is implemented so the system no longer relies on physical sensor devices. This research evaluates the performance of the Disturbance Observer (DOB) algorithm integrated with the Indirect Rotor Field Oriented Control (IRFOC) system as a speed estimator. The DOB is utilized due to its capability to estimate rotor rotation while simultaneously suppressing disturbances arising from traction load dynamics. System testing was conducted through two stages: software computational simulation and hardware implementation coupled with a flywheel inertia load. Based on the test results with torque load variations ranging from 0.07 Nm to 0.20 Nm, the DOB algorithm can estimate speed accurately. This is indicated by the average Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values ranging from 31.32 RPM to 46.13 RPM. Overall, the estimation error percentage consistently remained below 4%. The best accuracy was achieved when the motor was given a load of 0.10 Nm, with an error rate of only 2.39%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the DOB control scheme is proven to be stable, responsive, and suitable for use as a speed estimator in train propulsion applications.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Motor Induksi, Sensorless, Disturbance Observer, IRFOC, Estimasi Kecepatan.Induction Motor, Sensorless Control, Disturbance Observer, IRFOC, Speed Estimation.
Subjects: T Technology > TF Railroad engineering and operation
T Technology > TF Railroad engineering and operation > TF4 Railroads--Automation.
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2692 Inverters
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2785 Electric motors, Induction.
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK3070 Automatic control
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK4055 Electric motor
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7872 Electric current converters, Electric inverters.
Divisions: Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Immanuel Niko Hasibuan
Date Deposited: 21 Jul 2026 03:49
Last Modified: 21 Jul 2026 03:49
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135583

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