Pengaruh Asam Salisilat Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Kandungan Flavonoid Total Pada Kultur In Vitro Gynura Pseudochina (L.) DC.

Yuniarti, Salsa Eka (2026) Pengaruh Asam Salisilat Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Kandungan Flavonoid Total Pada Kultur In Vitro Gynura Pseudochina (L.) DC. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC. atau daun dewa merupakan tanaman obat yang termasuk dalam famili Asteraceae. Tanaman ini mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa flavonoid yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan dalam bidang farmakologis karena memiliki aktivitas antiinflamasi, analgesik, dan hemostatik. Terkait hal tersebut, maka diperlukan upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi senyawa flavonoid melalui metode elisitasi dengan teknik kultur in vitro menggunakan elisitor asam salisilat. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian asam salisilat terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan senyawa flavonoid total pada kultur in vitro daun dewa. Penelitian ini menggunakan eksplan nodus aksenik untuk menginduksi pembentukan tunas aksiler yang dikulturkan pada media basal Murashige & Skoog (MS) dengan penambahan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (ZPT) sebesar 0,25 ppm naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) dan 3 ppm benzyl amino purine (BAP), kemudian pada setiap media ditambahkan asam salisilat sebesar 0, 5, 10, 25, dan 50 μM. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 pengulangan di setiap perlakuan. Parameter pengamatan meliputi tinggi tanaman, berat basah, jumlah tunas, jumlah akar, jumlah daun, jumlah nodus, persentase organogenesis dan kalogenesis, tekstur dan warna kalus, serta konsentrasi flavonoid total yang dianalisis menggunakan metode kolorimetri AlCl3 dengan spektrofometri UV-Vis. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif menggunakan one way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian asam salisilat mampu merangsang inisiasi pembentukan tunas dan kalogenesis pada eksplan nodus aksenik daun dewa. Perlakuan SA (Salicylic Acid) diketahui memberikan respons bervariasi bergantung pada konsentrasi yang diberikan. Konsentrasi SA 10 hingga 25 μM diketahui mampu mempertahankan pertumbuhan secara optimal, namun seiring peningkatan konsentrasi yang diberikan justru menghambat pertumbuhan vegetatif. Selain itu, perlakuan elisitasi SA mampu menginduksi akumulasi senyawa flavonoid total eksplan daun dewa, dengan akumulasi tertinggi pada konsentrasi SA tertinggi yaitu 50 μM sebesar 3,08 ± 0,06 mg QE/g FW.
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Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC., commonly known as daun dewa, is an medicinal plant belonging the family Asteraceae. This plant contains secondary metabolites compounds, in the form of flavonoids, which have the potential to be used in the pharmacological fiel because they have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and hemostatic activities. In relation to these therapeutic potentials, efforts are needed to enhance flavonoid production through elicitation methods using in vitro culture techniques with salicylic acid as the elicitor. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the effect of salicylic acid on growth parameters and total flavonoid content of in vitro cultures of daun dewa. Aseptic nodal explants were used to induce axillary shoot formation and were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with plant growth regulators consisting of 0,25 ppm naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 3 ppm benzylaminopurine (BAP). Each medium was further enriched with salicylic acid at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 25, and 50 μM. The experimental design employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five replications for each treatment. Observation parameters included plant height, fresh weight, number of shoots, number of roots, number of leaves, number of nodes, percentage of organogenesis and callogenesis, callus texture and color, and total flavonoid concentration, which was analyzed using the AlCl3 colorimetric method with UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The resulting data were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively using one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). The results of this study indicate that the application of salicylic acid (SA) was able to stimulate shoot initiation and callus formation in aseptic nodal explants of Gynura pseudochina. SA (Salicylic Acid) treatment is known to produce varying responses depending on the concentration administered. SA concentration of 10 to 25 μM are known to maintain optimal growth. However, increasing the concentration resulted in the inhibition of vegetative growth. Additionally, SA elicitation effectively induced the accumulation of total flavonoids in G. pseudochina explants, explants, with the highest accumulation occurring at the highest SA concentration of 50 μM, reaching 3,08 ± 0,06 mg QE/g FW.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Salicylic Acid, Elicitation, Flavonoids, Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC., In Vitro Culture. Asam Salisilat, Elisitasi, Flavonoid, Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC., Kultur in Vitro
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SB Plant culture > SB409.58 Plant propagation. Including in vitro propagation
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Salsa Eka Yuniarti
Date Deposited:	20 Jul 2026 03:08
Last Modified:	20 Jul 2026 03:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135607

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