Pengaruh Curah Hujan Dan Jenis Tanaman Terhadap Sediment Yield Pada Metode Hydroseeding Tanah Bekas Tambang

Putra, Muhammad Ryan Ramadhan (2026) Pengaruh Curah Hujan Dan Jenis Tanaman Terhadap Sediment Yield Pada Metode Hydroseeding Tanah Bekas Tambang. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kegiatan pertambangan terbuka menyebabkan degradasi lahan berupa hilangnya topsoil, meningkatnya kepadatan tanah, serta tingginya potensi erosi dan sediment yield. Tanah bekas tambang yang tidak direklamasi dapat menjadi sumber limpasan sedimen ke badan air di sekitarnya. Salah satu metode reklamasi yang dapat digunakan adalah hydroseeding, tetapi efektivitasnya dipengaruhi oleh jenis tumbuhan dan intensitas curah hujan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh intensitas curah hujan dan kombinasi tumbuhan hydroseeding, yaitu Rumput Signal (Brachiaria decumbens), Bunga Krokot (Portulaca grandiflora), dan Kacang Kalopo (Calopogonium mucunoides) terhadap sediment yield pada tanah bekas tambang, serta menentukan kombinasi tumbuhan yang paling efektif. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan reaktor skala laboratorium dengan kemiringan lereng 45°. Variabel bebas terdiri atas curah hujan 100 mm/bulan dan 500 mm/bulan, serta empat perlakuan jenis tumbuhan, yaitu kontrol tanpa tumbuhan, Rumput Signal + Bunga Krokot, Rumput Signal + Kacang Kalopo, dan Bunga Krokot + Kacang Kalopo. Variabel terikat berupa sediment yield yang diukur berdasarkan massa sedimen yang terbawa oleh limpasan permukaan. Data dianalisis menggunakan Generalized Linear Model (GENLIN) dan uji lanjut pairwise comparison. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intensitas curah hujan dan jenis tumbuhan hydroseeding berpengaruh terhadap sediment yield. Curah hujan 500 mm/bulan menghasilkan rata-rata sediment yield lebih tinggi dibandingkan curah hujan 100 mm/bulan. Berdasarkan jenis tumbuhan, perlakuan kontrol tanpa tumbuhan menghasilkan rata-rata sediment yield tertinggi, sedangkan seluruh perlakuan vegetatif mampu menurunkan sediment yield dibandingkan kontrol. Secara umum, perlakuan Rumput Signal + Bunga Krokot dan Rumput Signal + Kacang Kalopo menghasilkan nilai rata-rata sediment yield yang lebih rendah. Meskipun perbedaan antarperlakuan vegetatif tidak seluruhnya signifikan. Berdasarkan interaksi curah hujan dan jenis tumbuhan, pada curah hujan 100 mm/bulan nilai sediment yield terendah diperoleh pada perlakuan Rumput Signal + Kacang Kalopo dengan sediment yield rata-rata 7,9337 gr/m2, sedangkan pada curah hujan 500 mm/bulan nilai terendah diperoleh pada perlakuan Rumput Signal + Bunga Krokot dengan sediment yield rata-rata 18,1288 gr/m2. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi tumbuhan hydroseeding efektif menurunkan sediment yield dan dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif reklamasi lahan bekas tambang
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Open-pit mining activities cause land degradation in the form of topsoil loss, increased soil density, and high potential for erosion and sediment yield. Unreclaimed mined land can become a source of sediment runoff into surrounding water bodies. One reclamation method that can be used is hydroseeding, but its effectiveness is influenced by plant type and rainfall intensity. This study aimed to analyze the effect of rainfall intensity and a combination of hydroseeding plants Signal Grass (Brachiaria decumbens), Portulaca grandiflora, and Calopogonium mucunoides on sediment yield in mined land and to determine the most effective plant combination. The study was conducted using a laboratory-scale reactor with a 45° slope. The independent variables were rainfall of 100 mm/month and 500 mm/month, along with four plant treatments: a control without plants, Signal Grass + Calopo, Signal Grass + Purslane Flower, and Calopo + Puslane Flower. The dependent variable was sediment yield, measured by the mass of sediment carried by surface runoff. Data were analyzed using the Generalized Linear Model (GENLIN) and further pairwise comparison tests. The results showed that rainfall intensity and hydroseeding plant type influenced sediment yield. A rainfall of 500 mm/month resulted in a higher average sediment yield than a rainfall of 100 mm/month. Based on plant type, the control treatment without plants produced the highest average sediment yield, while all vegetative treatments reduced sediment yield compared to the control. In general, the Signal Grass + Purslane Flower and Signal Grass + Calopo Bean treatments produced lower average sediment yields. However, the differences between vegetative treatments were not entirely significant. Based on the interaction between rainfall and plant type, at 100 mm/month rainfall, the lowest sediment yield was obtained by the Signal Grass + Calopo Bean treatment with an average sediment yield of 7,9337 g/m2, while at 500 mm/month rainfall, the lowest value was obtained by the Signal Grass + Purslane Flower treatment with an average sediment yield of 18,1288 g/m2. This study shows that the combination of hydroseeding plants is effective in reducing sediment yield and can be used as an alternative for reclaiming ex-mining land.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Hydroseeding, Hydroseeding, Intensitas Curah Hujan, Land reclamation, Post-mining soil, rainfall intensity, Reklamasi Lahan, Sediment Yield, Sediment yield, Tanah Bekas Tambang
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Ryan Ramadhan Putra
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2026 01:08
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2026 01:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135654

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