Analisis Parameter Proses Pada Mesin 3D Concrete Printing Dengan Screw Extruder Melalui Simulasi Numerik

Hanafiah, Eka Putri (2026) Analisis Parameter Proses Pada Mesin 3D Concrete Printing Dengan Screw Extruder Melalui Simulasi Numerik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 2038221005-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (12MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Teknologi 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) memerlukan stabilitas aliran material dan kinerja mekanis ekstruder yang optimal untuk menghasilkan cetakan yang presisi dan kontinu. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh geometri sudut taper, kecepatan putar (RPM), dan umur beton terhadap hidrodinamika adonan mortar non-Newtonian serta beban mekanis pada screw extruder tunggal. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui simulasi numerik Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Ansys Fluent yang diintegrasikan dengan uji statistik ANOVA (General Linear Model), pembobotan Entropy, dan Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). Hasil uji ANOVA memvalidasi akurasi model numerik dengan koefisien determinasi (R^2) sebesar 80,65% untuk prediksi gaya aksial dan 75,03% untuk prediksi torsi. Variabel kecepatan putar terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap gaya aksial (P=0,045), sedangkan geometri sudut taper menjadi pengontrol dominan bagi beban torsi motor. Model CFD berhasil menangkap fenomena fisis yang krusial, seperti pembentukan zona mati (dead zones), pusaran turbulensi lokal (vortices), hingga lonjakan back pressure pada kondisi kecepatan putar tinggi (100 – 120 RPM) yang memicu efek geser ekstrem (shear thinning) dan merusak konsistensi kapasitas output. Berdasarkan evaluasi multi-kriteria GRA, konfigurasi desain sistem ekstruder paling optimal dicapai pada variasi 1 (taper 45°, 30 RPM, dan umur beton 20 menit) yang meraih nilai Grey Relational Grade (GRG) tertinggi sebesar 0,984 (High Grey). Konfigurasi optimal ini terbukti mampu menghasilkan velocity outlet sebesar 0,194 m/s dengan error mass flow rate sebesar 0,004%, sekaligus mempertahankan beban mekanis pada batas aman yaitu gaya aksial 60,03 N dan torsi 0,49 N.m. Penerapan kecepatan putar rendah dengan sudut taper landai terbukti paling efektif dalam memberikan waktu alir yang seragam, menjaga kontinuitas aliran massa, meminimalkan resistensi mekanis, serta mengeliminasi anomali aliran seperti jetting effect dan putaran pasif (windmilling).
================================================================================================================================
3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) technology requires optimal material flow stability and mechanical extruder performance to produce precise and continuous prints. This study analyzes the effect of hopper taper angle (Taper), rotational speed (RPM), and concrete age on the hydrodynamics of non-Newtonian mortar mixtures and the mechanical loads on a single-screw extruder system. The evaluation was conducted through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation using Ansys Fluent, integrated with ANOVA (General Linear Model) statistical testing, Entropy weighting, and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). The ANOVA test results validate the accuracy of the numerical model with a coefficient of determination (R^2) of 80.65% for axial force prediction and 75.03% for torque prediction. The rotational speed variable proved to have a significant effect on the axial force (P=0,045), while the taper angle geometry served as the dominant controller for the motor torque load. The CFD model successfully captured crucial physical phenomena, such as the formation of dead zones, local turbulence vortices, and back-pressure spikes under drastic rotational conditions (100 – 120 RPM), which triggered extreme shear-thinning effects and disrupted the consistency of the output capacity.Based on the GRA multi-criteria evaluation, the most optimal extruder system design configuration was achieved in Variation 1 (45° Taper, 30 RPM, and 20-minute concrete age), which obtained the highest Grey Relational Grade (GRG) value of 0.984 (High Grey). This optimal configuration proved capable of generating an outlet velocity of 0.194 m/s with an error mass flow rate of 0.006 m/s, while simultaneously maintaining the mechanical load within safe working limits, specifically an axial force of 60.03 N and a torque of 0.49 N.m. The application of a low rotational speed combined with a gentle taper angle proved to be the most effective in providing uniform flow time, maintaining mass flow continuity, minimizing mechanical resistance, and eliminating flow anomalies such as the jetting effect and windmilling.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	3D Concrete Printing, Screw Extruder, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), Mortar, 3D Concrete Printing, Screw Extruder, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), Mortar
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ230 Machine design
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Eka Putri Hanafiah
Date Deposited:	20 Jul 2026 07:54
Last Modified:	20 Jul 2026 07:54
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135782

Actions (login required)

View Item