Mahaprasetya, I Dewa Gde Budhita (2026) Model Optimasi Operasi Pembangkit Berbasis Mixed Integer Linear Programming Untuk Pemilihan Alternatif Penambahan Pasokan Daya Pada Sistem Kelistrikan Timor. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pada tahun 2026, Sistem Kelistrikan Timor menghadapi penurunan daya mampu pasok pembangkit akibat berakhirnya kontrak IPP PLTD MFO berkapasitas 40 MW yang berdasarkan keputusan manajemen tidak diperpanjang. Seiring dengan peningkatan beban sistem, kondisi ini menyebabkan sistem berada pada status siaga, cadangan operasi menurun, dan kriteria N-1 tidak terpenuhi. Sementara itu, penambahan pembangkit permanen berdasarkan RUPTL belum tersedia dalam waktu dekat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan tambahan pasokan daya jangka pendek untuk menjaga kecukupan pasokan dan keandalan operasi Sistem Kelistrikan Timor.
Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan satu alternatif penambahan pasokan daya yang optimal bagi Sistem Kelistrikan Timor. Alternatif yang dikaji adalah PLTD Sewa 30 MW, PLTU Sewa 30 MW, dan Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) 23 MW. Tiga alternatif tersebut memiliki karakteristik teknis dan biaya yang berbeda, sehingga pemilihannya tidak cukup dilakukan hanya berdasarkan kapasitas atau biaya energi satuan. Metode yang digunakan adalah optimasi operasi pembangkit berbasis Mixed Integer Linear Programming. Model disusun untuk periode operasi 24 jam dengan interval 30 menit. Model mempertimbangkan status operasi pembangkit, dispatch, pemilihan alternatif tambahan, pemanfaatan PLTS, operasi BESS, state of charge BESS, biaya operasi sistem, dan kecukupan cadangan operasi. Kriteria optimum dalam penelitian ini adalah total biaya operasi sistem minimum dengan tetap memenuhi batas teknis operasi dan cadangan operasi berdasarkan N-1. Hasil optimasi menunjukkan bahwa BESS 23 MW menjadi alternatif terpilih dengan total biaya operasi sistem sebesar Rp5.023.738.746 per hari, total energi pembangkitan 2.502,53 MWh, dan BPP sistem Rp2.007,46/kWh. Cadangan operasi minimum sebesar 55,17 MW menunjukkan bahwa kriteria N-1 terpenuhi. Analisis sensitivitas menunjukkan bahwa alternatif terpilih sensitif terhadap perubahan beban dan ketersediaan kapasitas dari alternatif tambahan dibandingkan perubahan biaya bahan bakar dan biaya alternatif tambahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan alternatif penambahan pasokan daya perlu dilakukan melalui optimasi operasi pembangkit pada sistem dengan tetap memperhatikan biaya operasi, batas teknis pembangkit dan cadangan operasi.
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In 2026, the Timor Power System faces a reduction in available generation capacity due to the expiration of the 40 MW MFO diesel Independent Power Producer contract, which, based on management’s decision, will not be extended. Along with the increase in system demand, this condition places the system under an alert status, reduces operating reserves, and results in non-compliance with the N-1 criterion. Meanwhile, permanent generation additions under the RUPTL are not expected to be available in the near term. Therefore, a short-term power supply addition is required to maintain supply adequacy and the operational reliability of the Timor Power System. This study aims to determine the optimal power supply addition alternative for the Timor Power System. The alternatives evaluated are a 30 MW rented diesel power plant, a 30 MW rented coal-fired power plant, and a 23 MW Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). These alternatives have different technical and cost characteristics; therefore, their selection cannot be based solely on capacity or unit energy cost. The method used is generation operation optimization based on Mixed Integer Linear Programming. The model is developed for a 24-hour operating period with 30-minute intervals. The model considers generating unit operating status, dispatch, supply addition alternative selection, solar PV utilization, BESS charging-discharging operation, BESS state of charge, system operating cost, and operating reserve adequacy. The optimality criterion in this study is the minimum total system operating cost while still satisfying technical operating limits and operating reserve requirements based on the N-1 criterion. The optimization results show that the 23 MW BESS is selected as the preferred alternative, with a total system operating cost of IDR 5,018,424,184 per day, total generated energy of 2,502.53 MWh, and a system BPP of IDR 2,005.34/kWh. The minimum operating reserve of 55.17 MW indicates that the N-1 criterion is satisfied The sensitivity analysis shows that the selected alternative is more sensitive to changes in system demand and the available capacity of the additional alternatives than to changes in fuel costs and additional alternative costs. The results indicate that the selection of a power supply addition alternative should be carried out through generation operation optimization while considering system operating costs, generating unit technical limits, and operating reserve requirements.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Battery Energy Storage System, Biaya Pokok Penyediaan, Cadangan Operasi, Mixed Integer Linear Programming, Optimasi Operasi, Sistem Kelistrikan Timor, Battery Energy Storage System, Cost of Electricity Supply, Mixed Integer Linear Programming, Operating Reserve, Operation Optimization, Timor Power System |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.74 Linear programming T Technology > T Technology (General) > T58.62 Decision support systems |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | I Dewa Gde Budhita Mahaprasetya |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jul 2026 01:41 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jul 2026 01:41 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136084 |
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