Ramadhina, Hana Washfa (2026) Penerapan Object-Based Image Analysis dan Support Vector Machine untuk Tapak Bangunan dalam Pembentukan Model 3D untuk Evaluasi Kesesuaian Tinggi Bangunan (Studi Kasus: Kelurahan Pradah Kalikendal). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Perkembangan wilayah perkotaan di Kota Surabaya yang pesat berpotensi memicu pelanggaran pemanfaatan ruang, khususnya ketinggian bangunan yang tidak sesuai ketentuan Rencana Detail Tata Ruang (RDTR). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekstraksi tapak bangunan menggunakan metode Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) dan Support Vector Machine (SVM), membangun model 3D bangunan tingkat ketelitian Level of Detail 2 (LoD2), serta mengevaluasi kesesuaian tinggi bangunan terhadap RDTR Kota Surabaya di Kelurahan Pradah Kalikendal, Kecamatan Dukuh Pakis. Data yang digunakan meliputi ortofoto beresolusi tinggi dan data LiDAR berupa DSM dan DTM. Klasifikasi SVM menggunakan 250 titik sampel uji akurasi menghasilkan nilai Overall Accuracy sebesar 85,2% dan koefisien Kappa 0,815, yang telah memenuhi ambang batas minimum 85% sesuai Peraturan Kepala BIG Nomor 15 Tahun 2014. Namun, evaluasi geometri terhadap hasil ekstraksi otomatis menunjukkan tingkat kesesuaian yang rendah, sehingga dilakukan digitasi manual yang menghasilkan 5.404 bangunan sebagai LoD0, kemudian dimodelkan menjadi 6.326 segmen bangunan LoD2 dengan validasi pada 40 titik sampel menghasilkan RMSE sebesar 0,948 meter, berada di bawah ambang batas toleransi LoD2 sebesar 2 meter berdasarkan standar OGC CityGML. Hasil evaluasi kesesuaian tinggi bangunan menunjukkan bahwa dari 6.326 segmen bangunan, sebanyak 86,2% dinyatakan sesuai dan 13,8% tidak sesuai ketentuan TB RDTR, dengan pelanggaran terkonsentrasi pada sub zona R-4 (perumahan kepadatan rendah) sebesar 37,0%.
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The rapid urban development of Surabaya City has the potential to trigger spatial utilization violations, particularly regarding building heights that do not comply with the Detailed Spatial Plan (RDTR) regulations. This study aims to extract building footprints using Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) methods, construct 3D building models at Level of Detail 2 (LoD2) precision, and evaluate building height compliance against Surabaya City's RDTR in Pradah Kalikendal Subdistrict, Dukuh Pakis District. The data used include high-resolution orthophotos and LiDAR data in the form of DSM and DTM. SVM classification using 250 accuracy assessment sample points yielded an Overall Accuracy of 85.2% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.815, satisfying the minimum threshold of 85% according to BIG Head Regulation No. 15 of 2014. However, geometric evaluation of the automatic extraction results showed a low level of correspondence, so manual digitization was performed, producing 5,404 buildings as LoD0, which were then modeled into 6,326 LoD2 building segments validated at 40 sample points yielding an RMSE of 0.948 meters, below the LoD2 tolerance threshold of 2 meters based on the OGC CityGML standard. The building height compliance evaluation showed that of the 6,326 building segments, 86.2% were compliant and 13.8% non-compliant with RDTR height regulations, with violations concentrated in the R-4 sub-zone (low-density housing) at 37.0%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | LiDAR, Model 3D, OBIA, Ortofoto, RDTR Surabaya, SVM, 3D Model, LiDAR, OBIA, Orthophoto, RDTR Surabaya, SVM |
| Subjects: | G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > G Geography (General) > G70.212 ArcGIS. Geographic information systems. T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.8 Nonlinear programming. Support vector machine. Wavelets. Hidden Markov models. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA1637 Image processing--Digital techniques. Image analysis--Data processing. U Military Science > U Military Science (General) > UG Military Engineering > UG1242.D7 Unmanned aerial vehicles. Drone aircraft |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Geomatics Engineering > 29202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Hana Washfa Ramadhina |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Jul 2026 07:26 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Jul 2026 07:26 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136106 |
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