Mosa, Yohanes Guju (2026) Analisis Tekno-Ekonomi Sistem Hybrid PV-BESS-PLTD Untuk Peningkatan Keandalan Sistsem Kelistrikan Isolated di Ndoriwoy, Pulau Ende - NTT. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Ndoriwoy adalah salah wilayah yang terletak di Kecamatan Pulau Ende, Kabupaten Ende, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Sistem kelistrikan di wilayah ini yaitu sistem kelistrikan terisolasi yang disuplai oleh pembangkit Listrik tenaga diesel (PLTD) Ndoriwoy yang memiliki keterbatasan efisiensi dengan biaya bahan bakar tinggi, serta emisi karbon yang besar. Kondisi ini menimbulkan tantangan bagi penyediaan listrik yang andal dan berkelanjutan, terutama untuk mendukung kegiatan sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat. Potensi energi surya yang melimpah di wilayah tropis menjadi peluang untuk menekan ketergantungan terhadap penggunaan bahan bakar fosil melalui penerapan sistem pembangkit Listrik tenaga hybrid (PLTH). Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang konfigurasi optimal sistem hybrid PV-BESS PLTD, mengevaluasi kinerja teknis, keandalan dan kelayakan ekonominya. Analisis ini dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak HOMER Pro, dengan pendekatan simulation-based optimization berdasarkan empat skenario, yaitu : (A) sistem PLTD eksisting, (B) sistem PV-BESS, (C) sistem hybrid PV-BESS-PLTD teroptimasi, dan (D) sistem hybrid PV-BESS yang diintegrasikan dengan dua unit diesel generator yang paling sering dioperasikan di lapangan. Evaluasi dilakukan menggunakan indikator Net Present Cost (NPC), Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), Spesific Fuel Consumption (SFC), Renewable Fraction (RF), keandalan sistem (LOLE, LOLP, EENS, unmet load), konsumsi bahan bakar, serta emisi gas rumah kaca. Hasil simulasi menunjukan bahwa konfigurasi Skenario C merupakan konfigurasi yang paling optimal. Sistem ini mampu melayani kebutuhan energi listrik sebesar 2.243.655 kWh/tahun tanpa mengalami unmet load, capacity shortage, maupun LOLE, sehingga tingkat keandalannya mencapai 100%. Konfigurasi tersebut menghasilkan NPC sebesar 20,63 miliar, LCOE sebesar Rp 2056,64/kWh, renewable fraction sebesar 94,4%, dengan produksi energi PLTS mencapai 3.332.039 kWh/tahun. Bahan bakar diesel turun menjadi 39.753 liter/tahun, sedangkan emisi karbon dioksida (CO2) sebesar 104.067 kg/tahun. Meskipun masih terdapat excess electricity sebesar 914.461 kWh/tahun, konfigurasi ini mampu mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap pembangkit diesel secara signifikan dengan tetap mempertahankan keandalan sistem. Penelitian ini menunjukan integrasi PV-BESS dengan dua unit PLTD operasional merupakan solusi yang layak secara teknis dan ekonomis untuk sistem kelistrikan isolated di wilayah kepulauan. Konfigurasi tersebut mampu meningkatkan penetrasi energi terbarukan, menurunkan konsumsi bahan bakar dan emisi, serta dapat dijadikan acuan dalam mendukung program dedieselisasi dan transisi energi pada sistem kelistrikan pulau-pulau kecil di Indonesia.
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Ndoriwoy is an area located in Pulau Ende District, Ende Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. The electricity supply in this region relies on an isolated power system served by the Ndoriwoy Diesel Power Plant (PLTD), which is characterized by low operational efficiency, high fuel costs, and significant carbon emissions. These conditions pose major challenges to providing a reliable and sustnable electricity supply, particularly in supporting the social and economic activities of the local community. The abundant solar energy potential in this tropical region offers an opportunity to reduce dependence on fossil fuels through the implementation of a hybrid power generation system. This study aims to design the optimal configuration of a Photovoltaic–Battery Energy Storage System–Diesel (PV–BESS–Diesel) hybrid system and to evaluate its technical performance, reliability, and economic feasibility. The analysis was conducted using HOMER Pro based on a simulation-based optimization approach involving four scenarios: (A) the existing diesel power system, (B) a PV–BESS system, (C) an optimized PV–BESS–Diesel hybrid system, and (D) a PV–BESS hybrid system integrated with the two diesel generators that are most frequently operated under actual field conditions. The system performance was evaluated using Net Present Cost (NPC), Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC), Renewable Fraction (RF), reliability indices (LOLE, LOLP, EENS, and unmet load), fuel consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions. The simulation results indicate that Scenario D is the configuration that best represents the actual operating conditions of the Ndoriwoy isolated power system. The proposed system is capable of supplying an annual electrical demand of 2,243,655 kWh without experiencing unmet load, capacity shortage, or Loss of Load Expectation (LOLE), thereby achieving 100% system reliability. The configuration yields a Net Present Cost (NPC) of IDR 20.63 billion, a Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of IDR 2,056.64/kWh, and a Renewable Fraction (RF) of 94.4%. The photovoltaic system generates 3,332,045 kWh/year. Diesel fuel consumption is reduced to 39,753 liters/year, while carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions decrease to 104,067 kg/year. Although the system still produces 914,461 kWh/year of excess electricity, it substantially reduces dependence on diesel generation while maintaining a highly reliable electricity supply. The finding demonstrate that integrating a PV–BESS system with two operational diesel generators is a technically feasible and economically viable solution for isolated power systems in island communities. The proposed configuration significantly increases renewable energy penetration, reduces fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, and provides a practical reference for supporting diesel reduction programs and the energy transition of isolated power systems on small islands in Indonesia.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Energy efficiency, HOMER Pro, PV–BESS–PLTD, hybrid system, isolated system, Ndoriwoy. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1322.6 Electric power-plants |
| Divisions: | Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 78201-System And Technology Innovation |
| Depositing User: | Yohanes Guju Mosa |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Jul 2026 03:15 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Jul 2026 03:15 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136179 |
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