Pabrik Margarin Dari Coconut dengan Proses Hidrogenasi

Wdhiasa, Hary Pramana and Purnomo, Bambang Edi (2008) Pabrik Margarin Dari Coconut dengan Proses Hidrogenasi. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pabrik margarine ini didirikan dengan tujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen akan margarine, baik di dalam maupun di luar negeri. Pembuatan margarine ini menggunakan proses hidrogenasi, dimana asam lemak tak jenuh diubah menjadi asam lemak jenuh dengan penambahan gas H2. Proses pembuatan margarine diawali dengan proses ekstraksi yaitu pengambilan crude oil dari soybean seed. Setelah crude oil diperoleh, dilanjutkan dengan proses netralisasi yaitu dengan penambahan NaOH. Setelah proses netralisasi, sabun yang terbentuk dipisahkan dengan centrifuge. Proses berikutnya yaitu bleaching yang menggunakan karbon aktif sebagai adsorber. Cake karbon aktif yang terbentuk dipisahkan dengan menggunakan filter press. Kemudian minyak dihidrogenasi untuk menjenuhkan ikatan tidak jenuh pada minyak dengan menambahkan gas H2 dan menggunakan katalis Ni. Selanjutnya cake nikel yang terbentuk dipisahkan dengan filter press. Pada proses selanjutnya yaitu proses deodorisasi pada minyak Kemudian mengemulsikan minyak dalam tangki emulsifikasi dengan penambahan emulsifier fase minyak dan emulsifier fase cair. Proses terakhir yaitu memasukkan minyak ke dalam tangki votator untuk menurunkan suhu dan membentuk margarine yang bersifat plastis dilakukan proses pengepakan. Dalam pabrik margarin ini direncanakan beroperasi secara semi continue selama 24 jam/ hari dan 330 hari operasi/ tahun untuk memproduksi margarin 4.500 ton/ tahun, memerlukan bahan baku coconut sebanyak 25.838,583 kg/ hari. Bahan pembantu NaOH : 186,927 kg/hari ; Karbon aktif : 224,707 kg/hari ; Nikel : 2,983 kg/hari ; Gas H2 : 23,175 kg/hari ; Emulsi Fase Minyak (EFM) : 111,805 kg/hari ; Emulsi Fase Cair (EFC) : 77,004 kg/hari.
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This Margarine factory builds for ordering margarine consumer in our country or in other country. The margarine is produce by the hydrogenation process, where unsaturated fatty acid turned of saturated fatty acid with the addition of H2 gas. Process of margarine was start with the extraction process, that is intake of crude oil from soybean seed. After crude oil obtained, it continued with neutralization process by the addition of NaOH. After neutralization process, soapstock formed to be dissociated by centrifuge. Next process that is bleaching using active carbon as adsorber. Active Carbon cake that formed to be dissociated using filter press. After that oil must be hidrogenated by H2 gas and N2 catalyst to get the saturated oil. The Nickel cake that formed to be dissociated by press filter. In the next level process is oil deodorized. That is emulsion the oil in the emulsification oil tank with addition oil emulsifier phase and liquid emulsifier phase. Last process is included the oil into votator tank to degrading the oil temperature and perform the plastic character of margarine for a packing process. This margarine factory planned to operate semi continued production during of 24 hours/ day and 300 days operate for a year to produce 4.500 ton of margarine. It needed raw material of coconut as much as 25,838.583 kg/ day. Backup with Indirect material such as NaOH : 186.927 kg / day ; Active carbon : 224.707 kg / day ; Nickel : 0,982 kg/ day ; Gas H2 : 47,081 kg / day ; Emulsion of Oil Phase ( EOP ) : 111.805 / day ; Liquid Phase Emulsion ( LPE ) : 77.004 kg / day.

Item Type: Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Margarin, Kelapa, Hidrogenasi, Ekstraksi, Votator, Margarine, Coconut, Hydrogenation, Extraction, Votator
Subjects: T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Divisions: Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24401-(D3) Diploma 3
Depositing User: magang .
Date Deposited: 21 Jul 2026 06:08
Last Modified: 21 Jul 2026 06:08
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136188

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