Sequential and Concurrent Application Method for Crude Oil Bioremediation in Saline Water by using Freeze-Dried Bacterial Co-Application of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis

Manglassa, Aurellia Puspitasari (2026) Sequential and Concurrent Application Method for Crude Oil Bioremediation in Saline Water by using Freeze-Dried Bacterial Co-Application of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pencemaran minyak mentah di lingkungan perairan salin menimbulkan risiko serius terhadap ekologi dan kesehatan masyarakat. Bioremediasi telah berkembang sebagai alternatif yang ramah lingkungan dibandingkan metode pembersihan minyak secara konvensional, dengan B. subtilis dan P. aeruginosa yang dikenal memiliki kemampuan dalam mendegradasi hidrokarbon. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja bioremediasi dari B. subtilis dan P. aeruginosa dalam bentuk freeze-dried yang diaplikasikan menggunakan metode ko-aplikasi sekuensial dan konkuren dalam mendegradasi minyak mentah di air salin. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada skala laboratorium menggunakan reaktor batch yang berisi air salin buatan yang terkontaminasi 1% minyak mentah. Serbuk bakteri freeze-dried B. subtilis dan P. aeruginosa diaplikasikan secara sekuensial, dengan penambahan B. subtilis pada hari ke-3, atau secara simultan di awal. Setiap reaktor berukuran 125 mL menerima inokulum bakteri yang terdiri dari 1,6 mL P. aeruginosa dan 0,8 mL B. subtilis. Kinerja bioremediasi dievaluasi selama periode 14 hari dengan menggunakan konsentrasi TPH dan CFU sebagai parameter utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua strategi inokulasi secara efektif menurunkan konsentrasi TPH dibandingkan dengan kontrol blanko. Efisiensi penyisihan TPH mencapai 95% pada sekuensial, sedangkan perlakuan konkuren mencapai 90%. Populasi bakteri meningkat secara signifikan selama proses degradasi, mencapai sekitar 10¹² CFU/mL pada Hari ke-7 sebelum menurun pada Hari ke-14 seiring berkurangnya ketersediaan hidrokarbon sebagai sumber karbon dan energi. Pengamatan fisik menunjukkan hilangnya lapisan minyak di permukaan secara bertahap serta peningkatan kekeruhan pada reaktor yang diinokulasi bakteri
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Crude oil contamination in saline water environments presents serious ecological and public health risks. Bioremediation has emerged as an environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional oil-cleanup methods, with Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa which recognized for their hydrocarbon-degrading capabilities. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the bioremediation performance of freeze-dried B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa applied using sequential and concurrent co-application methods in degrading crude oil in saline water. This study was conducted at a laboratory scale using batch reactors containing artificially prepared saline water contaminated with 1% crude oil. Freeze-dried bacterial powders of B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa were applied either sequentially, by introducing B. subtilis on Day 3, or concurrently at the beginning of the experiment. Each 125-mL reactor received bacterial inoculum consisting of 1.6 mL P. aeruginosa and 0.8 mL B. subtilis. Bioremediation performance was evaluated over a 14-day observation period using Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration and Colony Forming Unit (CFU) as primary indicators. The results showed that both inoculation strategies effectively reduced TPH concentrations compared to the blank control. TPH removal efficiencies reached 95% in the sequential treatment, while the concurrent treatment achieved 90% removal. Bacterial populations increased substantially during the degradation process, reaching approximately 10¹² CFU/mL on Day 7 before declining on Day 14 as hydrocarbon availability decreased. Physical observations revealed the progressive disappearance of the surface oil layer and increased turbidity in inoculated reactors.In contrast, the blank reactors exhibited only limited TPH reduction, primarily due to abiotic processes such as volatilization and physical dispersion.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bioremediasi, Minyak Mentah, Liofilisasi, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, Bioremedition, Crude Oil, Lyophilization, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa
Subjects:	Q Science > QR Microbiology Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR74.8 Bacteria T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.5 Bioremediation
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Aurellia Puspitasari Manglassa
Date Deposited:	22 Jul 2026 08:49
Last Modified:	22 Jul 2026 08:49
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136264

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