Potensi Ikan Wader Pari dan Ikan Cere Sebagai Bioindikator Pencemaran

Aini, Ramadhana Qurrota Aini (2026) Potensi Ikan Wader Pari dan Ikan Cere Sebagai Bioindikator Pencemaran. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Usaha limbah laundry saat ini semakin pesat sehingga produksi air limbah ikut meningkat. Pada air limbah laundry terdapat kandungan zat pencemar seperti detergen, minyak, sabun, serta bahan kimia. Kandungan air limbah laundry tersebut mengakibatkan risiko terhadap ikan atau biota di perairan. Diperlukan studi analisis toksisitas yang menyebabkan ikan di perairan mengalami kematian pada konsentrasi tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tingkat konsentrasi yang menyebabkan kematian dan efek dari pemaparan pada Ikan Wader Pari (Rasbora argyrotaenia) dan Ikan Cere (Gambusia affinis) serta membandingkan dengan indikator Ikan Zebra (Danio rerio). Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok uji toksisitas LC50 – 96 jam dan uji subletal di laboratorium. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menguji karakteristik limbah laundry, aklimatisasi, range finding test (RFT), uji toksisitas LC50 – 96 jam, dan uji subletal. Variabel penelitian ini adalah jenis ikan, mortalitas ikan, konsentrasi limbah laundry, laju pertumbuhan, pH, dan suhu. Parameter yang diamati yaitu DO, pH, suhu, kenaikan berat badan absolut, dan laju pertumbuhan bobot spesifik harian. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji statistik dengan analisis probit dan uji ANOVA Dua Arah menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Hasil dari penelitian ini pada uji Range Finding Test, Ikan Zebra, Ikan Wader Pari dan Ikan Cere dapat bertahan pada konsentrasi 0%, 5%, dan 25%. Kemudian Uji Toksisitas pada rentang konsentrasi 0%; 1%; 3%; 6%; 12%; dan 24% menghasilkan nilai LC50 pada Ikan Zebra sebesar 0,32 ppm atau 4,4%; Ikan Wader sebesar 0,32 ppm atau 4,4% dan Ikan Cere sebesar 0,15 ppm atau 2,1% konsentrasi limbah yang dapat membunuh 50% populasi. Pada Uji Subletal dilakukan pada konsentrasi 0%, 10%, 30%, 40%, 50%, dan 60% dari nilai LC50 dan didapatkan hasilnya semakin tinggi konsentrasinya maka semakin rendah pertumbuhannya. Ikan Wader Pari memenuhi kriteria dari organisme bioindikator, dan hasil penelitian menunjukkan sensitivitas yang sama dengan Ikan Zebra, sehingga Ikan Wader Pari dapat memperkaya keragaman hayati sebagai bioindikator.
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The laundry waste business is currently growing rapidly, resulting in an increase in wastewater production. Laundry wastewater contains pollutants such as detergents, oils, soaps, and chemicals. These contents pose a risk to fish and aquatic life. Toxicity analysis studies are needed to determine the mortality rate of fish in aquatic environments at certain concentrations. This study aims to assess the concentration levels that cause mortality and the effects of exposure on wader pari (Rasbora argyrotaenia) and cere (Gambusia affinis) and compare them with indicators from zebrafish (Danio rerio). The research method used was a Randomized Block Design method for LC50 – 96 hour toxicity tests and sublethal tests in the laboratory. This study was conducted by testing the characteristics of laundry waste, acclimatization, range finding test (RFT), LC50 – 96 hour toxicity tests, and sublethal tests. The research variables were fish species, fish mortality, laundry waste concentration, growth rate, pH, and temperature. The parameters observed were DO, pH, temperature, absolute weight gain, and daily specific weight growth rate. Furthermore, statistical tests were carried out with probit analysis and Two-Way ANOVA tests using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software. The results of this study on the Range Finding Test showed that Zebrafish, Wader Pari Fish, and Cere Fish were able to survive at concentrations of 0%, 5%, and 25%. Subsequently, the Toxicity Test conducted across a concentration range of 0%; 1%; 3%; 6%; 12%; and 24% yielded LC50 values of 0.32 ppm (or 4.4%) for Zebrafish, 0.32 ppm (or 4.4%) for Wader Pari Fish, and 0.15 ppm (or 2.1%) for Cere Fish, representing the waste concentration capable of killing 50% of the population. The Sublethal Test was carried out at concentrations of 0%, 10%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60% of the LC50 value, and the results showed that the higher the concentration, the lower the growth rate. Wader Pari Fish met the criteria of a bioindicator organism, and the study results demonstrated sensitivity equivalent to that of Zebrafish, indicating that Wader Pari Fish could enrich biodiversity as a bioindicator species.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bioindikator, Ikan Cere, Ikan Wader Pari, Limbah laundry, Toksisitas, Subletal, Bioindicators, Cere fish, Laundry waste, Sublethal, Toxicity, Wader Pari fish
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.5 Bioremediation T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD646 Sewage--Purification
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ramadhana Qurrota Aini
Date Deposited:	22 Jul 2026 09:00
Last Modified:	22 Jul 2026 09:00
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136282

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