Wijaya, Afri Rizki (2026) Analisis Keselamatan Kerja Dalam Pelaksanaan Pemeliharaan Penyaluran Listrik Tegangan Tinggi dengan Menggunakan Metode FRAM: Studi Kasus PT PLN (Persero) UIT JBB. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keselamatan kerja pada kegiatan pemeliharaan sistem penyaluran listrik tegangan tinggi di PT PLN (Persero) Unit Induk Transmisi Jawa Bagian Barat (UIT JBB) menggunakan paradigma Safety-II. Paradigma ini digunakan untuk memahami bagaimana pekerjaan dapat diselesaikan secara aman melalui kemampuan sistem beradaptasi terhadap dinamika kondisi lapangan, sedangkan Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) digunakan sebagai metode untuk memodelkan Work-as-done, mengidentifikasi fungsi sistem, menganalisis variabilitas kinerja, serta mengidentifikasi potensi Functional resonance. Selanjutnya, hasil identifikasi fungsi-fungsi kritis diprioritaskan menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) berdasarkan empat kapasitas Resilience Engineering, yaitu anticipate, monitor, respond, dan learn, sebagai dasar penyusunan rekomendasi peningkatan resilience capacity sistem K3. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif eksploratif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara mendalam terhadap 18 narasumber, serta telaah dokumen berupa SOP, laporan gangguan, laporan kecelakaan kerja, dan dokumen pendukung lainnya. Hasil pemodelan FRAM menunjukkan bahwa sistem pemeliharaan transmisi merupakan sistem sosio-teknis kompleks yang terdiri atas 19 fungsi utama yang saling berinteraksi. Fungsi Pelaksanaan Pekerjaan (F12) teridentifikasi sebagai pusat resonansi karena menjadi titik akumulasi variabilitas dari berbagai fungsi pendukung. Variabilitas dipengaruhi oleh faktor manusia, organisasi, teknis, lingkungan, dan tekanan waktu (time pressure). Meskipun sebagian besar pekerjaan dapat diselesaikan dengan aman melalui mekanisme adaptasi (performance adjustment), interaksi variabilitas yang tidak terkendali berpotensi berkembang menjadi Functional resonance yang dapat memengaruhi keselamatan kerja. Hasil prioritisasi menggunakan AHP menunjukkan bahwa fungsi Pelaksanaan Pekerjaan menjadi prioritas utama untuk ditingkatkan, diikuti oleh Komunikasi Lapangan, Safety briefing, Pembebasan Tegangan, Pemasangan Grounding, dan Pengamanan Area Kerja. Selain itu, kapasitas anticipate dan monitor menjadi prioritas utama dalam meningkatkan kemampuan organisasi mengelola variabilitas sebelum berkembang menjadi resonansi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keselamatan kerja pada kegiatan pemeliharaan sistem penyaluran listrik tegangan tinggi tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kepatuhan terhadap prosedur, tetapi juga oleh kemampuan sistem dalam mengantisipasi, memantau, merespons, dan mengambil pembelajaran terhadap dinamika operasional. Dengan demikian, paradigma Safety-II yang didukung oleh pemodelan FRAM dan prioritisasi menggunakan AHP memberikan pendekatan yang lebih proaktif dalam meningkatkan resilience capacity sistem K3 di PT PLN (Persero) UIT JBB.
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This study aims to analyze occupational Safety-In high-voltage power transmission maintenance activities at PT PLN (Persero) Unit Induk Transmisi Jawa Bagian Barat (UIT JBB) using the Safety-II paradigm. The Safety-II paradigm serves as the conceptual foundation for understanding how maintenance activities are successfully completed through the system's ability to adapt to dynamic operational conditions. Meanwhile, the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) is employed as the analytical method to model Work-as-done, identify system functions, analyze performance variability, and determine the potential for Functional resonance. Subsequently, the critical functions identified through FRAM are prioritized using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on the four capacities of Resilience Engineering—anticipate, monitor, respond, and learn—to formulate recommendations for improving the resilience capacity of the occupational safety system. This research adopts an exploratory qualitative approach by collecting data through field observations, in-depth interviews with 18 informants, and document reviews, including standard operating procedures, maintenance reports, disturbance reports, and occupational accident records. The FRAM model identified 19 primary functions that constitute the transmission maintenance system. The Work Execution function (F12) was identified as the center of Functional resonance due to its role in accumulating performance variability from several supporting functions. Performance variability was influenced by human, organizational, technical, environmental, and time pressure factors. Although maintenance activities were generally completed successfully through performance adjustments, uncontrolled interactions among these variabilities may develop into Functional resonance, potentially affecting occupational safety. The AHP prioritization results indicate that Work Execution is the highest-priority function for improvement, followed by Field Communication, Safety briefing, Power Isolation, Grounding Installation, and Work Area Protection. Furthermore, the anticipate and monitor capacities were identified as the highest priorities for strengthening the organization's capability to manage performance variability before it develops into Functional resonance. The findings demonstrate that occupational Safety-In high-voltage transmission maintenance is determined not only by compliance with procedures but also by the system's capability to anticipate, monitor, respond, and learn from dynamic operational conditions. Therefore, the Safety-II paradigm, supported by FRAM modeling and AHP-based prioritization, provides a more proactive approach to enhancing the resilience capacity of the occupational safety system at PT PLN (Persero) UIT JBB.
Key Word: Safety-II, FRAM, Transmission Maintenance, AHP.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Safety-II, FRAM, pemeliharaan transmisi, AHP. |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QP Physiology > QP34.5 Human engineering |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Afri Rizki Wijaya |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Jul 2026 02:21 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Jul 2026 02:21 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136322 |
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