Kemampuan Sistem Venturi-Katup sebagai Pengaduk Cepat dan Lambat pada Pengolahan Air Minum

Sianturi, Alice Eunike (2026) Kemampuan Sistem Venturi-Katup sebagai Pengaduk Cepat dan Lambat pada Pengolahan Air Minum. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Koagulasi-flokulasi konvensional umumnya mengandalkan pengadukan mekanis yang memerlukan energi listrik kontinu, sehingga sulit diterapkan di daerah dengan keterbatasan listrik. Sistem venturi-katup seri (SVK) dikembangkan sebagai alternatif pengadukan hidrolis tanpa listrik, memanfaatkan venturi tube injector (VTI) sebagai pengaduk cepat dan rangkaian katup seri sebagai pengaduk lambat. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi keduanya dalam satu sistem hidrolik yang dievaluasi secara eksperimental, mencakup karakteristik hidrolik, kualitas air hasil, dan ketahanan flok terhadap gangguan operasional.
Penelitian dilakukan pada SVK dengan debit 0,025 l/s menggunakan koagulan aluminium sulfat dan Moringa oleifera pada tiga variasi kekeruhan air baku (10, 30, dan 50 NTU), mengevaluasi head loss, bilangan Reynolds, dan camp number pada VTI dan katup seri, serta efisiensi penyisihan kekeruhan, netralisasi zeta potensial, Flok Indeks, dan Floc Stability Index.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan head loss terbesar terjadi di VTI, dengan head loss 0,073 m dan bilangan Reynolds 7168 (turbulen), sedangkan katup seri mempertahankan aliran laminar (Re 702,07) agar flok tidak pecah. Efisiensi penyisihan kekeruhan meningkat dari 60,8% menjadi 89,62% pada aluminium sulfat dan dari 41,3% menjadi 84,16% pada Moringa oleifera, disertai netralisasi zeta potensial dari -14,69 hingga -19,1 mV pada air baku menjadi -2,041 hingga -13,39 mV pada air hasil. VTI menurunkan zeta potensial dari -14,69 menjadi -11,15 mV dalam 0,007836 detik, menandakan dispersi cepat dan merata, sementara FI meningkat dari 91,17 menjadi 138,06 pada aluminium sulfat dan dari 82,98 menjadi 145 pada Moringa oleifera berbanding lurus dengan efisiensi penyisihan. FSI menunjukkan katup seri lebih tahan terhadap kenaikan debit (0,767) dibandingkan penutupan aliran mendadak (1,426).
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Conventional coagulation-flocculation typically relies on mechanical mixing that requires continuous electrical energy, limiting use in areas with limited electricity access. The venturi-series valve system (SVK) was developed as an electricity-free hydraulic mixing alternative, utilizing a venturi tube injector (VTI) as a rapid mixer and a series of valves as a slow mixer. This research's novelty lies in integrating both components into a single hydraulic system evaluated experimentally, covering hydraulic characteristics, treated water quality, and floc resistance to operational disturbances. The study was carried out on an SVK with a flow rate of 0.025 l/s using aluminium sulfate and Moringa oleifera coagulants across three turbidity variations (10, 30, and 50 NTU),evaluating head loss, Reynolds number, and camp number in the VTI and valve series, turbidity removal efficiency, zeta potential neutralization, Floc Index, and Floc Stability Index. Results showed the highest head loss occurred at the VTI (0.073 m, Re 7,168, turbulent),while the valve series maintained laminar flow (Re 702.07) to prevent floc breakage. Removal efficiency increased from 60.8% to 89.62% for aluminium sulfate and 41.3% to 84.16% for Moringa oleifera, with zeta potential neutralized from -14.69 to -19.1 mV in raw water to -2.041 to -13.39 mV in treated water. The VTI reduced zeta potential from -14.69 to -11.15 mV within 0.007836 seconds, indicating rapid, even dispersion, while FI increased from 91.17 to138.06 for aluminium sulphate and 82.98 to 145 for Moringa oleifera with rising removal efficiency. FSI showed greater resistance to flow increases (0.767) than sudden outlet closure (1.426).

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	camp number, flok indeks, katup seri, koagulasi-flokulasi, venturi tube injector, zeta potensial, camp number, coagulation-flocculation, floc index, valve series, venturi tube injector, zeta potential
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD259.2 Drinking water. Water quality T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD375 Turbidity--Measurement. T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD433 Water treatment plants
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Alice Eunike Sianturi
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2026 04:07
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2026 04:07
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136407

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