Pengaruh Kuat Arus Terhadap Performa Adsorpsi Elektrodialisis Litium Dari Larutan Hasil Leaching Black Mass NMC/LCO Menggunakan Membran Berbasis Nanochitosan Oligosaccharide

Bandini, Auliya Sya (2026) Pengaruh Kuat Arus Terhadap Performa Adsorpsi Elektrodialisis Litium Dari Larutan Hasil Leaching Black Mass NMC/LCO Menggunakan Membran Berbasis Nanochitosan Oligosaccharide. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan penggunaan baterai lithium-ion menghasilkan limbah black mass yang masih mengandung litium dan logam berharga sehingga memerlukan metode pemulihan yang efektif serta ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pre-treatment, pelindian asam sitrat, pemurnian larutan, variasi kuat arus, selektivitas ion, dan stabilitas membran berbasis NanoChitosan Oligosaccharide (NanoCOS) pada sistem adsorpsi-elektrodialisis litium dari black mass NMC/LCO. Black mass terlebih dahulu melalui tahap pencucian dan perlakuan termal, kemudian dilindi menggunakan asam sitrat 0,1 M pada suhu 80 °C. Larutan hasil pelindian dimurnikan melalui presipitasi NaOH pada pH 11, lalu diproses menggunakan membran NanoCOS dan NanoCOS/PEG pada variasi arus 0,5; 1; dan 2 A selama 0–60 menit. Membran NanoCOS/CMF dan NanoCOS/ZIF-8 digunakan sebagai pembanding stabilitas. Karakterisasi dilakukan menggunakan TGA-DTA, FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDS, XRF, dan ICP-OES. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pre-treatment mampu mengurangi binder dan komponen organik serta meningkatkan keterpaparan permukaan partikel tanpa menghilangkan fase utama oksida katoda dan grafit. Pelindian asam sitrat menghasilkan ekstraksi Li sebesar 54,90%, sedangkan presipitasi pada pH 11 mampu menurunkan sebagian besar ion pengotor dengan tetap mempertahankan Li sebesar 79,80% dalam filtrat. Pada tahap adsorpsi-elektrodialisis, membran NanoCOS menghasilkan Adsorpsi Li tertinggi sebesar 19,04% pada arus 2 A selama 45 menit, sedangkan NanoCOS/PEG menghasilkan Adsorpsi sebesar 14,71% pada arus 1 A selama 30 menit. Kondisi NanoCOS/PEG pada 1 A selama 30 menit ditetapkan sebagai kondisi optimum berdasarkan keseimbangan antara Adsorpsi, selektivitas, kebutuhan arus, dan waktu operasi. Selektivitas Li masih dipengaruhi oleh kompetisi ion, terutama Ni dan Mn, meskipun NanoCOS/PEG memberikan keseimbangan selektivitas yang lebih baik terhadap sebagian besar ion pengotor. Secara keseluruhan, integrasi pre-treatment, pelindian asam sitrat, presipitasi, dan adsorpsi-elektrodialisis berbasis NanoCOS berpotensi dikembangkan untuk pemulihan litium dari limbah baterai NMC/LCO.
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The increasing use of lithium-ion batteries has generated substantial quantities of black mass waste that still contains lithium and other valuable metals, creating a need for an effective and environmentally responsible recovery method. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of pre-treatment, citric acid leaching, solution purification, applied current, ion selectivity, and membrane stability in a lithium adsorption–electrodialysis system using NanoChitosan Oligosaccharide (NanoCOS)-based membranes for NMC/LCO black mass. The black mass was initially subjected to washing and thermal pre-treatment, followed by leaching using 0.1 M citric acid at 80 °C. The resulting leachate was purified through NaOH precipitation at pH 11 and subsequently treated using NanoCOS and NanoCOS/PEG membranes at applied currents of 0.5, 1, and 2 A for 0–60 min. NanoCOS/CMF and NanoCOS/ZIF-8 membranes were used for comparative stability evaluation. Material and process characterization was performed using TGA-DTA, FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDS, XRF, and ICP-OES. The results showed that pre-treatment reduced binder and organic components and improved particle-surface exposure without eliminating the main cathode oxide and graphite phases. Citric acid leaching achieved a lithium extraction of 54.90%, while precipitation at pH 11 removed a substantial fraction of impurity ions and retained 79.80% of lithium in the filtrate. During adsorption–electrodialysis, the NanoCOS membrane achieved the highest lithium Adsorpsi of 19.04% at 2 A after 45 min, whereas the NanoCOS/PEG membrane reached 14.71% Adsorpsi at 1 A after 30 min. The NanoCOS/PEG condition at 1 A for 30 min was selected as the optimum condition based on the balance among removal efficiency, selectivity, current demand, and operating time. Lithium selectivity was still affected by competition from impurity ions, particularly Ni and Mn, although NanoCOS/PEG provided a more balanced selectivity toward most competing ions. Overall, the integration of pre-treatment, citric acid leaching, precipitation, and NanoCOS-based adsorption–electrodialysis shows potential for lithium recovery from NMC/LCO battery waste.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Adsorpsi-Elektrodialisis, Asam Sitrat, Black Mass NMC/LCO, Litium, Membran NanoCOS, Adsorption–Electrodialysis, Citric Acid, Lithium, NMC/LCO Black Mass, NanoCOS Membrane
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD547 Flocculation, precipitation, adsorption, etc. T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy > TN688 Hydrometallurgy T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP159.M4 Membranes (Technology)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Auliya ya'bandini
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2026 06:41
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2026 06:41
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136422

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