Fabrikasi Dan Karakterisasi Elektrokimia Material Hard Carbon-Like Dari Sekam Padi Sebagai Anoda Baterai Ion Sodium

Wardhana, Vemas Afriandho Haditia (2026) Fabrikasi Dan Karakterisasi Elektrokimia Material Hard Carbon-Like Dari Sekam Padi Sebagai Anoda Baterai Ion Sodium. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Baterai ion sodium (SIB) merupakan alternatif menjanjikan bagi baterai ion litium karena kelimpahan sodium yang tinggi dan biaya produksi yang lebih rendah. Salah satu tantangan utama pengembangan SIB adalah material anoda yang sesuai untuk menyimpan ion Na⁺. Hard carbon-like dari biomassa limbah pertanian seperti sekam padi merupakan kandidat material anoda yang menarik karena murah, melimpah, dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi suhu karbonisasi terhadap performa elektrokimia hard carbon-like dari sekam padi sebagai material elektroda baterai ion sodium. Hard carbon-like disintesis melalui karbonisasi langsung sekam padi lokal Indonesia pada variasi suhu 800°C, 900°C, dan 1000°C selama 3 jam, serta hard carbon komersial sebagai pembanding. Karakterisasi elektrokimia dilakukan menggunakan Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) dan Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) pada konfigurasi half cell dan full cell dengan elektrolit 1 M NaClO₄. Hasil EIS menunjukkan bahwa sampel RH-900 memiliki nilai resistansi transfer muatan (Rct) terendah pada kedua konfigurasi, yaitu 20.640 Ω (half cell) dan 1.766 Ω (full cell), dengan konduktivitas listrik tertinggi sebesar 8,45 × 10⁻⁶ S/cm pada full cell. Hasil CV menunjukkan bahwa sampel RH-800 memiliki kapasitansi spesifik tertinggi sebesar 3,36 × 10⁻² F/g (half cell) dan 7,08 × 10⁻¹ F/g (full cell) pada scan rate 20 mV/s. Suhu karbonisasi 800–900°C merupakan rentang optimal untuk menghasilkan hard carbon-like dengan performa elektrokimia terbaik, di mana RH-800 unggul dalam kapasitansi spesifik dan RH-900 unggul dalam kinetika transfer muatan. ==================================================================================================================================
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) represent a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to the high natural abundance of sodium and lower production costs. One of the main challenges in SIB development is finding suitable anode materials for Na⁺ ion storage. Hard carbon-like derived from agricultural waste biomass such as rice husk is an attractive anode material candidate due to its low cost, abundance, and sustainability. This study aims to evaluate the effect of carbonization temperature variation on the electrochemical performance of rice husk-derived hard carbon-like as electrode material for sodium-ion batteries. Hard carbon-like was synthesized through direct carbonization of local Indonesian rice husk at temperatures of 800°C, 900°C, and 1000°C for 3 hours in an inert atmosphere, with commercial hard carbon as a reference. Electrochemical characterization was performed using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) in half cell and full cell configurations with 1 M NaClO₄ electrolyte. EIS results show that the RH-900 sample exhibited the lowest charge transfer resistance (Rct) in both configurations, at 20.640 Ω (half cell) and 1,766 Ω (full cell), with the highest electrical conductivity of 8.453 × 10⁻⁶ S/cm in full cell. CV results show that RH-800 exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 3.36 × 10⁻² F/g (half cell) and 7.08 × 10⁻¹ F/g (full cell) at a scan rate of 20 mV/s. The carbonization temperature range of 800–900°C represents the optimal range for producing hard carbon-like with the best electrochemical performance, where RH-800 excels in specific capacitance and RH-900 excels in charge transfer kinetics.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Baterai Ion Sodium, CV, EIS, Hard Carbon-Like, Sekam Padi., CV, EIS, Hard Carbon-Like, Rice Husk, Sodium Ion Battery.
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics > QC173.4.C63 Composite materials Q Science > QC Physics > QC585.75.S55 Silica
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Vemas Afriandho Haditia Wardhana
Date Deposited:	22 Jul 2026 08:00
Last Modified:	22 Jul 2026 08:00
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136443

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