Akmal, Ilham Muzakki and Saputra, Gamas Yoga (2026) Desain Pabrik Karbon Dioksida Cair Dari Flue Gas Pltu Paiton Dengan Metode Dual Absorption. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Ketergantungan terhadap bahan bakar berbasis fosil dan sumber energi tak terbarukan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan sehari-hari baik dalam lingkup kecil maupun skala besar telah berimbas pada pertumbuhan emisi gas CO2 yang masif. Pada tahun 2022, PLTU yang merupakan sektor penyedia energi paling mendominasi di Indonesia, menghasilkan emisi CO2 hingga sebesar 185 juta ton CO2e dan menyumbang 60.99% terhadap total emisi CO2 yang dihasilkan pada keseluruhan sektor pembangkit listrik di Indonesia. Meskipun demikian, CO2 liquid merupakan komoditas yang bernilai ekonomis, bukan hanya dalam lingkup lokal melainkan secara global dengan estimasi peningkatan CAGR sebesar 6.5% dari 4.5 juta USD pada tahun 2024 hingga mencapai 7.2 juta USD pada tahun 2033, sedangkan di Indonesia sendiri hanya terdapat 4 sub-plant yang memproduksi CO2 liquid sehingga masih memiliki ketergantungan terhadap impor. Mengatasi hal ini, akan direncanakan pembangunan pabrik CO2 liquid dengan kapasitas 100,000 ton/tahun dengan bahan baku flue gas PLTU menggunakan metode dual absorption. Dalam metode ini, flue gas PLTU akan diabsorpsi menggunakan pelarut utama Na2CO3 menghasilkan NaHCO3, dimana sisa flue gas yang tidak terabsorp akan diabsorpsi menggunakan pelarut NaOH menghasilkan Na2CO3 yang nantinya direcovery sebagai pelarut utama. Adapun NaHCO3 akan didekomposisi menjadi Na2CO3 dan CO2, dimana Na2CO3 direcovery sebagai pelarut utama, sedangkan CO2 akan dilikuifaksi menjadi CO2 liquid menggunakan metode integrated absorption refrigeration system hingga kemurnian 99.8%
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Dependence on fossil fuels and non-renewable energy sources to meet daily needs, both on a small and large scale, has resulted in a massive increase in CO2 emissions. In 2022, coal-fired power plants, which are the most dominant energy provider in Indonesia, produced CO2 emissions of up to 185 million tons of CO2e and contributed 60.99% to the total CO2 emissions produced by the entire power generation sector in Indonesia. However, liquid CO2 is an economically valuable commodity, not only locally but also globally, with an estimated CAGR increase of 6.5% from USD 4.5 million in 2024 to USD 7.2 million in 2033. Meanwhile, Indonesia only has four sub-plants that produce liquid CO2, so it is still dependent on imports. To address this issue, there are plans to build a liquid CO2 plant with a capacity of 100,000 tons/year using flue gas from coal-fired power plants as raw material and the dual absorption method. In this method, PLTU flue gas will be absorbed using the main solvent Na2CO3 to produce NaHCO3, where the remaining flue gas that is not absorbed will be absorbed using the solvent NaOH to produce Na2CO3, which will later be recovered as the main solvent. The NaHCO3 will be decomposed into Na2CO3 and CO2, where the Na2CO3 will be recovered as the main solvent, while the CO2 will be liquefied into liquid CO2 using an integrated absorption refrigeration system to achieve a purity of 99.8%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | CO2 cair, dual absorption, flue gas, reduksi emisi gas CO2, liquid CO2, dual absorption, flue gas, CO2 emission reduction |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ilham Muzakki Akmal |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Jul 2026 00:34 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Jul 2026 00:34 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136624 |
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